Neue Publikationen in Ziel-Venues – 2026-09-21
Neue Werke: 108 · davon mit DE-Affiliation: 108 Venues: 38 · abgefragt ab publication_date 2026-08-22 · letzter Lauf: 2026-09-21T22:08:57
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (ACSAMI) — 15 neu
Engineering Hydrogels with Polydisperse Yeast Exopolysaccharides and PEGDA for Embedding Cancer Spheroids ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c02843
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-17 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-18
- DE-Institutionen: University of Freiburg
- Autoren:
- Henrique Sepúlveda Del Rio Hamacek — Tallinn University of Technology (EE)
- Tobias Butelmann — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Katharina Ostertag — Tallinn University of Technology (EE); Boise State University (US)
- Kerit-Lii Joasoon — Tallinn University of Technology (EE)
- Oksana Tingajeva — Tallinn University of Technology (EE)
- Piia Jõul — Tallinn University of Technology (EE)
- Petri‐Jaan Lahtvee — Tallinn University of Technology (EE)
- V. Prasad Shastri — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Rahul Kumar — Tallinn University of Technology (EE)
- Topics: 3D Printing in Biomedical Research; Cellular Mechanics and Interactions; Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Keywords: Self-healing hydrogels; Polyethylene glycol; Polymer; Polysaccharide; Rheometry; Rheology; Tissue engineering; Dynamic mechanical analysis
- Abstract: Polysaccharides are often used to mimic physiologically relevant microenvironments for three-dimensional cell cultures (3DCC). However, naturally sourced polysaccharides often show batch-to-batch variability, impacting reproducibility. Biomanufactured polysaccharides overcome this drawback by providing consistent control over cultivation and production conditions. Here, we produced and characterized exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Rhodotorula toruloides and incorporated it into hydrogels for proof-of-concept use in 3DCC. Shake flask cultivation on glucose, mannose, and xylose yielded 1.68, 1.44, and 0.48 g L-1 EPS, respectively, consisting of similar monosaccharide subunits, suggesting a shared biosynthetic pathway. Structural characterization revealed a branched architecture with multiple glycosidic linkage types, and high polydispersity, showing three molecular-weight fractions of 1.8, 30.0, and 1000.0 kDa. This polydisperse EPS was combined with polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) to engineer hydrogels with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) for embedding cancer spheroids. Different EPS/PEGDA formulations were evaluated for rheological properties, compressive modulus, swelling, and stability. Increasing EPS and PEGDA concentrations increased precursor viscosity. While PEGDA concentration governed swelling, EPS modulated mechanical properties. Among the formulations tested, 4%EPS-6%PEGDA exhibited the most suitable compressive modulus for 3DCC, with a complex shear modulus of 115.8 ± 5.9 Pa after crosslinking and a compressive modulus of 3.1 ± 0.6 kPa, resembling the biomechanical attributes of breast tissue. The selected hydrogel maintained single-cell viability comparable to the PEGDA-only control and enabled the embedding and three-day fluorescence imaging of multicellular spheroids. To our knowledge, this is the first report combining a bioprocess analysis of EPS-producing R. toruloides, comprehensive characterization of its EPS, and a proof-of-concept demonstration of this EPS in hydrogel engineering to encapsulate cancer spheroids. Our study suggests R. toruloides as a promising platform for biomanufactured polysaccharides and demonstrates the potential of its EPS in advanced biomaterials development, which could be valuable for tissue engineering and in vitro disease modeling applications in the future.
Synergistic Dual-Metal Active Sites in Metallophthalocyanine-Based 2D Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient Glycerol Oxidation and Hydrogen Evolution ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c09841
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-11 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-12
- DE-Institutionen: Technische Universität Dresden
- Autoren:
- Joseph Y. M. Chan — Dartmouth College (US); Dartmouth Hospital (GB)
- Hyuk‐Jun Noh — Dartmouth College (US); Dartmouth Hospital (GB)
- Huilin Qing — Dartmouth College (US); Dartmouth Hospital (GB)
- Yutong Luo — Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Weiyang Li — Dartmouth College (US); Dartmouth Hospital (GB)
- Stefan Kaskel — Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Katherine A. Mirica — Dartmouth College (US); Dartmouth Hospital (GB)
- Topics: Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion; CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts; Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Keywords: Bifunctional; Faraday efficiency; Formate; Oxygen evolution; Electrolysis; Electrochemistry; Anode; Hydrogen
- Abstract: Electrochemical glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) represents a compelling strategy to simultaneously valorize biomass-derived waste and reduce the energy demand of hydrogen production. Herein, we report a systematic investigation of metal identity and spatial arrangement in a series of isoreticular metallophthalocyanine-based two-dimensional conductive metal-organic frameworks (2D cMOFs)-NiPc-O-Ni, CuPc-O-Ni, and CuPc-O-Cu-as bifunctional electrocatalysts for glycerol oxidation and hydrogen evolution. By isolating the roles of the phthalocyanine-centered metal and the bridging metal node within an M1Pc-O-M2 architecture, clear structure-activity relationships are established. Among the three analogs, NiPc-O-Ni exhibits the highest GOR activity and selectivity, achieving 10 mA cm-2 at an anodic potential of only 1.33 V (vs RHE) with a Faradaic efficiency of up to 71% for formate formation in alkaline media. In situ spectroscopic analyses reveal stable framework integrity under operating conditions and provide spectroscopic evidence for formate-related surface intermediates. Owing to its excellent bifunctional performance, NiPc-O-Ni enables efficient glycerol-assisted electrolysis when employed as both anode and cathode, delivering a cell voltage of 1.99 V at 10 mA cm-2-230 mV lower than conventional water splitting-while maintaining near-quantitative hydrogen evolution Faradaic efficiency. This work demonstrates the promise of rationally designed 2D cMOFs for coupling biomass oxidation with hydrogen production and offers fundamental insights into the role of metal site identity and cooperativity in complex electrocatalytic reactions.
Antifouling Biopolymer Networks via Light- or Temperature-Activated and Fluorescently Traceable Crosslinking of Dextran-Azidocoumarin Conjugates ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c07951
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-11 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-12
- DE-Institutionen: University of Freiburg
- Autoren:
- Swati Kanwar — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Georgia Partalidou — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Ankush Kumar — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Franz Maximilian Fischer — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Ulrich Maurer — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Stephan Schmidt — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Laura Hartmann — University of Freiburg (DE)
- Topics: Polymer Surface Interaction Studies; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications; 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Keywords: Self-healing hydrogels; Dextran; Biofouling; Biopolymer; Polymer; Biocompatible material
- Abstract: Sustainable, biocompatible antifouling coatings with built-in traceability are in high demand for advanced material applications. Here, we report azidocoumarin-functionalized dextran (Dex-AzC) that allows for nitrene-mediated C-H insertion crosslinking (CHiC), resulting in intrinsically fluorescent dextran hydrogels. While CHiC-based crosslinking is a versatile methodology for deriving synthetic polymer networks, its application in bio-based systems remains largely unexplored. Incorporation of AzC into the dextran backbone enables network formation via light-induced crosslinking, with high-temperature thermal activation serving as a mechanistic proof-of-concept, while both light and thermal activation provide built-in fluorescence for qualitative visualization. Derived Dex550k-AzC hydrogels exhibit tunable mechanical and optical properties with increasing AzC content and pH-responsive swelling, as well as excellent antifouling behavior and no significant cytotoxicity. Thus, this approach provides a simple route to stable dextran-based hydrogels with built-in visualization capability and highlights the potential of CHiC-based crosslinking in bio-based polymer systems.
Bioinspired Fe-Porphyrin Sites in a Porous Organic Polymer for Aerobic Oxidative Cyclization of Bioactive 2-Aminobenzoxazole ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c12503
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-11 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-12
- DE-Institutionen: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- Autoren:
- Bishal Boro — Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IN); Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IN); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (IN)
- Devanand Roy — Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati (IN)
- Subhajit Nandy — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- Saiqa Gull — Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IN)
- Arun K. Manna — Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati (IN)
- John Mondal — Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IN); Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (IN)
- Topics: Covalent Organic Framework Applications; Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms; Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry
- Keywords: Catalysis; Polymer; Molecular oxygen; Ligand (biochemistry); Porosity; Oxidative phosphorylation; Porous medium; Radical
- Abstract: A cytochrome P450-mimetic monodispersed Fe-porphyrin-based porous framework is designed and synthesized via a FeCl3-assisted Friedel-Crafts reaction, to combine the advantages of heterogeneous systems with enzymatic reactivity. Specifically, the Fe-porphyrin site in this material mimics the heme-center in cytochrome P450, which efficiently catalyzes the aerobic oxidative cyclization of 2-aminophenols with isothiocyanates in water, affording a broad range of biologically relevant 2-aminobenzoxazoles in yields of up to 94% under mild conditions without the need for any external oxidants. Controlled experiments demonstrate the crucial role of molecular oxygen, indicating a radical-mediated reaction pathway. XAS provides insights into the local atomic structure, unravelling the key Fe(III)-active site influencing the reaction mechanism. Thermodynamically favorable formation of redox-active ligand and detailed mechanistic insights into the electron-transfer-mediated catalytic transformation are gained from quantum-chemical calculations. Oxygen activation forms peroxide-like species, followed by a sequence of radical steps ultimately leading to the product formation. Spin-density variation in these steps is well consistent with Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox-cycling. This work combining experiments and quantum simulations establishes a Fe-porphyrin-engineered porous organic polymer as an effective oxidative catalyst and highlights the potential of single-site bioinspired porous materials for sustainable aerobic oxidation chemistry.
Effects of Polyaromatic Film Interfaces on Cu Catalysts for Selective Electrochemical CO2 Reduction ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c05380
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-10 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-11
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion
- Autoren:
- Gerard Martí — Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Andreína Alarcón — Universitat de Barcelona (ES)
- Matilda Kraft — Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Arnau Carné‐Sánchez — Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES); Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ES)
- Marcos Gil‐Sepulcre — Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (ES); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES); Universitat de València (ES)
- Olaf Ruediger — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (DE)
- Serena DeBeer — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (DE)
- Jordi Garcı́a-Antón — Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Teresa Andreu — Universitat de Barcelona (ES)
- Antoni Llobet — Institut Català d'Investigació Química (ES)
- Xavier Sala — Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Topics: CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts; Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies; Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
- Keywords: Catalysis; Faraday efficiency; Surface modification; Coating; Electrochemistry; Selectivity; Porosity; Particle (ecology)
- Abstract: Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR) offers a sustainable pathway to convert CO2 into energy-dense fuels and value-added chemicals, addressing both climate and energy storage challenges. This study investigates the effect of polyaromatic film (PAF) coatings on Cu-based catalysts with distinct morphologies (cubes, porous spheres, and small nanoparticles) and compositions (ranging from metallic Cu, to Cu2O and CuO). PAF functionalization modulates the competition between CO2RR and HER in a catalyst- and potential-dependent manner, leading to selective enhancement of C2+ products for specific Cu catalyst types and applied potentials. Notably, PAF-coated Cu2O porous spheres (Cu2O-PSph/PAF) achieved a maximum multicarbon faradaic efficiency of 63% at -1.40 V vs RHE while sustaining a total current density of 16 mA·cm-2. Under high-current density (-127 mA·cm-2) flow-cell conditions, Cu2O-PSph/PAF maintained stable activity for over 80 min, whereas the uncoated analogue exhibited a fast decrease of C2+ production, highlighting the stabilizing role of the polymeric layer during operation. In addition, the PAF coating influences catalyst evolution by partially confining soluble Cu+ species, reducing particle fragmentation, and guiding aggregate formation. Overall, these findings demonstrate that PAF functionalization not only enhances CO2RR selectivity but also improves operational stability and directs the morphological evolution of Cu catalysts under catalytic turnover, offering a versatile strategy for high-performance CO2 electroreduction.
Oxidant-Free Atomic Layer Deposition of SnO2 Using Complementary Metal Precursors ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c07074
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-09 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-10
- DE-Institutionen: Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research; Technische Universität Dresden; Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Autoren:
- Alejandra Ruiz‐Clavijo — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE)
- Amin Bahrami — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE)
- Jonathan E. Rodriguez Hueso — Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (MX); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
- Jaakko Julin — University of Jyväskylä (FI)
- Noel Israel — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE)
- Angelika Wrzesińska‐Lashkova — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Daniel Wolf — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE); Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research (DE)
- Nithin Thonakkara James — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Sebastian Lehmann — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE)
- J. Guerrero-Sánchez — Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (MX); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
- R. Ponce‐Pérez — Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (MX); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
- Alexey A. Popov — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE)
- M. Domı́nguez — Universidad de Cádiz (ES); Hospital Universitario Puerto Real (ES)
- Yana Vaynzof — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Kaline P. Furlan — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- … und 2 weitere
- Topics: Semiconductor materials and devices; Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors; ZnO doping and properties
- Keywords: Atomic layer deposition; Tin; Amorphous solid; Oxidizing agent; Crystallinity; Annealing (glass); Metal; Deposition (geology)
- Abstract: We report a novel atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for SnO2 that does not require water or other strong oxidizing agents, such as H2O, O2 plasma, O3, or H2O2. The development of alternative oxidant-free ALD processes is highly attractive because it enables a gentler and more controllable chemical environment, which is crucial for next-generation nanoscale devices and complex material stacks. In this approach, Sn-based complementary metal precursors are employed: Sn(OtBu)4 serves as both the tin and oxygen precursor, while SnCl4 acts as an additional tin source. For this precursor combination, an optimal ALD temperature window of 70-90 °C was established, within which amorphous SnO2 films are deposited. Post-deposition annealing is subsequently required to develop the desired crystallinity and to adjust the oxygen-vacancy concentration and impurity levels, which ultimately determine the electrical and optical properties of the resulting SnO2 films and their potential for various applications. To gain mechanistic insight into this oxidant-free SnO2 growth process, we employ density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the surface reactions during sequential exposure of Sn(OtBu)4 and SnCl4 on a SiO2 substrate. The results reveal key atomic-level processes, including ligand-exchange pathways, oxygen transfer, and surface regeneration, which govern film growth. This combined experimental and theoretical approach provides fundamental understanding of the SnO2 ALD mechanism and offers guidance for post-deposition optimization of the material.
The Extent of Ligand–Receptor Interactions for Actively Targeted Nanoparticles as a Function of Ligand Density and Receptor Expression ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c09075
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-04 · Vol. 18, Issue 36, S. 48704-48717 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-05
- DE-Institutionen: Universität Ulm
- Autoren:
- Tamara Rudolf — Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US); Universität Ulm (DE)
- Thu Ha NGO — Medical University of Lublin (PL)
- Valeriy M. Paramonov — Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Markus Krämer — Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US); Universität Ulm (DE)
- Adolfo Rivero-Müller — Medical University of Lublin (PL)
- Mika Lindén — Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US); Universität Ulm (DE)
- Topics: Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery; Diatoms and Algae Research; Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
- Keywords: Internalization; Receptor; Agonist; Somatostatin receptor; Selectivity; Ligand (biochemistry); Nanoparticle; Peptide
- Abstract: The interaction between mesoporous silica nanoparticles covalently functionalized with different ratios of octreotide, a potent agonist for somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), and a scrambled peptide at a constant total peptide loading and SSTR2 was evaluated as a function of receptor expression. Both an increasing octreotide surface concentration and an increasing receptor expression level led to an increased total ligand-receptor interaction. The highest level of selectivity in terms of differences in sensor response between cells exhibiting a low and a high receptor expression level was observed at intermediate octreotide surface concentrations. However, the kinetics of particle internalization decreased with increasing receptor levels, which led to a decrease in selectivity when judged based on particle uptake as compared to the extent of ligand-receptor interactions. Our results highlight the value of direct evaluation of ligand-receptor interactions in addition to particle uptake analyses for enhancing the mechanistic understanding of nanoparticle behavior in biological systems, enabling rational design of actively targeted nanocarriers.
Perovskite Oxide Interfaces Tailored by Cation Ordering Periodicities: Experimentally Resolved Atomic Structure and Predicted Magnetic Coupling ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c08939
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-02 · Vol. 18, Issue 36, S. 50054-50063 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-04
- DE-Institutionen: Forschungszentrum Jülich; RWTH Aachen University
- Autoren:
- Jie Ren — City University of Hong Kong (HK); City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute (CN)
- Ping-Luen Ho — University of Oxford (GB); Imperial College London (GB)
- Lei Jin — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Si‐Young Choi — Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR); Institute for Basic Science (KR)
- Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Joachim Mayer — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE); RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Sandrine Heutz — Imperial College London (GB)
- Michele Conroy — Imperial College London (GB)
- Shik Chi Edman Tsang — University of Oxford (GB)
- Xiaoyan Zhong — City University of Hong Kong (HK); City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute (CN)
- Topics: Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
- Keywords: Superlattice; Perovskite (structure); Antiferromagnetism; Oxide; Complex oxide; Magnetism; Coupling (piping); Thin film
- Abstract: Magnetically coupled interfaces formed from perovskite oxides with different B-site ordering periodicities have not been studied extensively due to challenges in synthesis and a lack of adequate parent phases. Here, we use aberration-corrected analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy to identify the atomic structure and chemistry of a perovskite oxide interface that exhibits different B-site ordering periodicity on the atomic scale. The interface is formed from the 1:1 B-site-ordered double-perovskite Sr2Fe1+xRe1-xO6 and the 1:2 B-site-ordered triple-perovskite Sr3Fe2ReO9. First-principles calculations on the superlattice model with the same modulation of B-site ordering periodicity observed experimentally show that magnetic coupling between Fe and Re atoms at the interface results in characteristics of ferromagnetism, in contrast to the antiferromagnetic nature of the parent phases. The results suggest that tailoring of B-site ordering periodicity for tuning interfacial magnetism at perovskite oxide interfaces can be potentially applied in epitaxial growth of superlattice thin films with magnetically engineered interfaces.
PEI-Induced Simultaneous Functionalization and Defect Engineering of RHO-Topology ZIF(Cu) for Enhanced CO2 Separation Performance in Mixed Matrix Membranes ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c12606
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · Vol. 18, Issue 36, S. 49164-49174 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-04
- DE-Institutionen: Future Carbon (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Zikang Qin — Future Carbon (Germany) (DE)
- Min Deng — Sichuan University (CN); Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (CN)
- Long Shi — Sichuan University (CN); Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (CN)
- Lu Yao — Chengdu Medical College (CN); Centre National des Soins Palliatifs et de la Fin de Vie (FR); Chengdu University (CN); Future Carbon (Germany) (DE)
- Lin Yang — Chengdu Medical College (CN); Centre National des Soins Palliatifs et de la Fin de Vie (FR); Chengdu University (CN); Future Carbon (Germany) (DE)
- Wenju Jiang — Chengdu Medical College (CN); Centre National des Soins Palliatifs et de la Fin de Vie (FR); Chengdu University (CN); Future Carbon (Germany) (DE)
- Junfeng Zheng — Chengdu Medical College (CN); Centre National des Soins Palliatifs et de la Fin de Vie (FR); Chengdu University (CN); Future Carbon (Germany) (DE)
- Zhongde Dai — Chengdu Medical College (CN); Centre National des Soins Palliatifs et de la Fin de Vie (FR); Chengdu University (CN); Future Carbon (Germany) (DE)
- Topics: Membrane Separation and Gas Transport; Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications; Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
- Keywords: Surface modification; Membrane; Amine gas treating; Surface engineering; Barrer; Gas separation
- Abstract: Defect engineering and the functionalization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are acknowledged as an effective method to boost the separation capability of mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs). However, these processes are often carried out separately, making it difficult to achieve both objectives simultaneously. Herein, a polyethyleneimine (PEI)-induced simultaneous functionalization and defect engineering strategy is proposed, in which PEI is introduced during the synthesis of RHO-topology ZIF(Cu) to in situ generate structural defects through competitive coordination with Cu2+ centers. PEI enhanced the interfacial compatibility between the filler and the Pebax matrix through hydrogen-bonding interactions and introduced a facilitated transport effect. Meanwhile, defect engineering exposed additional Cu2+ Lewis acid sites capable of adsorbing CO2 and generated additional transport pathways. The synergy between amine functionalization and defect engineering resulted in a substantial enhancement in the separation performance of the MMMs. Under humid conditions, the MMM containing 5 wt % PEI-RHO ZIF(Cu) presented a CO2 permeability of 188.1 Barrer and a CO2/N2 separation factor of 73.0, representing increases of 95.10% and 78.14%, respectively, relative to Pebax, and surpassing the 2008 Robeson upper bound. This integrated strategy, combining defect engineering with amine functionalization, provides a promising avenue for the development of high-efficiency CO2 capture MMMs.
Dual-Oxide-Modified Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers Enabling Hierarchically Porous Composite Electrodes for Regulated Zinc Deposition in Zinc–Manganese Flow Batteries ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c12815
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · Vol. 18, Issue 35, S. 48490-48502 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Mannesmann (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Yan Tan — Tongren University (CN)
- Ting Shang — Tongren University (CN)
- Lei Guo — Tongren University (CN); Mannesmann (Germany) (DE)
- Minghe Qu — Tongren University (CN)
- Qing Zhang — Tongren University (CN)
- Topics: Advanced battery technologies research; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion; Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
- Keywords: Overpotential; Electrolyte; Carbon nanofiber; Nanofiber; Nucleation; Zinc; Electrode
- Abstract: Zinc-based flow batteries (ZBFBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage. However, their practical application is limited by uneven interfacial electric fields and uncontrolled dendrite growth during zinc deposition. Herein, we report a hierarchical zincophilic composite electrode combining a conventional carbon felt with an electrospun carbon nanofiber scaffold modified by ZnO and SiO2. This multiscale porous structure improves both electrolyte transport and charge distribution. Specifically, the macroporous carbon felt facilitates electrolyte flow, while the nanofiber network increases the electrochemically active surface area to homogenize the local electric field. Furthermore, the dual oxides act as regulated zinc nucleation sites and mechanical plasticizing components, lowering the nucleation overpotential and relieving localized stress during repeated plating and stripping. Consequently, the electrode promotes uniform and highly reversible zinc deposition under high areal loading. The resulting ZBFBs achieve highly stable performance for over 50,000 cycles at 60 mA cm-2, demonstrating exceptional durability under practical, high-current-density operations.
Preclinical Characterization of Dielectric Barrier Discharge as a Complementary Plasma Technology for Low-Thermal Argon Plasma Devitalization of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c13697
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-27 · Vol. 18, Issue 35, S. 47542-47554 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: University of Tübingen; Ruhr University Bochum; Erbe Elektromedizin (Germany); Natural and Medical Sciences Institute
- Autoren:
- Marcel Arnholdt — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Laura Awakowicz — University of Tübingen (DE); Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
- Bastian Kogelheide — University of Tübingen (DE); Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
- Alexander Böddecker — University of Tübingen (DE); Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
- Thomas Mussenbrock — University of Tübingen (DE); Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
- Alexander Neugebauer — Erbe Elektromedizin (Germany) (DE); University of Tübingen (DE)
- Leander Heisterberg — Erbe Elektromedizin (Germany) (DE); University of Tübingen (DE)
- Markus Enderle — Erbe Elektromedizin (Germany) (DE); University of Tübingen (DE)
- Sara Y. Brucker — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Peter Awakowicz — University of Tübingen (DE); Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
- Martin Weiß — Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (DE); University of Tübingen (DE)
- Topics: Plasma Applications and Diagnostics; Microbial Inactivation Methods; Plasma and Flow Control in Aerodynamics
- Keywords: Argon; Dielectric barrier discharge; Argon plasma coagulation; Plasma; Penetration (warfare); Reactive nitrogen species; Reactive oxygen species; Ex vivo
- Abstract: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has emerged as a promising tool in biomedical applications, including the treatment of precancerous neoplasias. The clinical application of low-thermal argon plasma devitalization (ltAPD) using electrosurgical argon plasma coagulation (APC) probes demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) across several prospective clinical trials. Building on the previously demonstrated antineoplastic efficacy of ltAPD treatment, we investigated a prototype dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma source as an alternative plasma generation principle for the treatment of larger areas under preclinical conditions. Both devices were characterized regarding their electrical properties, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generation, biological efficacy, and penetration depth. Electrical measurements revealed a significantly lower current and reduced energy output for the DBD compared to the clinically approved APC probe. Reactive species analysis demonstrated comparable hydrogen peroxide generation between both devices in argon atmospheres, while the APC probe generated higher levels of ·OH and NO2- in argon atmosphere. As the gas composition is defined entirely by the externally supplied mixture, the DBD allowed the working gas to be tuned systematically by adding small fractions of air (87.5% argon/12.5% air) which strongly enhanced nitrogen-species formation and biological efficacy. Implementation of nitrogen or air to the APC could likewise lead to an increase in nitrogen species. Ex vivo treatment of human cervical tissue displayed staining for the DNA damage marker γ-H2AX throughout the epithelial layer for both devices, without detectable structural tissue damage. Agarose gel experiments under controlled laboratory atmospheres revealed greater reactive species penetration depth for the APC probe, whereas the DBD prototype provided a larger treatment area. While DBD efficacy was demonstrated under defined laboratory gas conditions in a controlled chamber setup, these findings establish a first preclinical rationale for DBD as a complementary plasma geometry.
Mixing Time Controls Conductivity of n-Type-Doped Organic Semiconductors ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c09341
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-26 · Vol. 18, Issue 35, S. 47888-47894 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Chemnitz University of Technology
- Autoren:
- Federico Ferrari — University of Groningen (NL)
- Unnati Pokharel — University of Groningen (NL)
- Diego Ropero Hinojosa — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Xuwen Yang — University of Groningen (NL); University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- Rukiya Matsidik — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Donato Ottomano — University of Groningen (NL)
- Ryan C. Chiechi — North Carolina State University (US); University of Groningen (NL)
- Michael Sommer — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- L. Jan Anton Koster — University of Groningen (NL)
- Topics: Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics; Conducting polymers and applications; Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research
- Keywords: Mixing (physics); Conductivity; Dopant; Organic semiconductor; Doping; Chloroform; Electrical resistivity and conductivity
- Abstract: Among the various n-type dopants used in organic electronics, NDMBI-H is the most common. However, precise control of the doping levels is still elusive, with reported conductivities varying by orders of magnitude for similar systems. In this study, we investigate a frequently underestimated factor: the mixing time during co-solution processing. Our focus is on a prototypical system involving NDMBI-H-doped PCBM processed in chloroform. Remarkably, we observe a decline in conductivity with prolonged mixing times that does not occur when the single components are stored individually. We establish a correlation between this behavior and characteristic signatures in the 1H NMR spectra of pristine compounds and mixtures. We attribute the decline in conductivity to the reactive nature of chloroform and extend our findings to four more organic semiconductors with different backbones. We find that choosing a suitable solvent and controlling the mixing time allow us to increase the conductivity of doped PCBM to up to 2.64 S/cm through a straightforward bulk doping process, representing a substantial improvement compared to values obtained using additives or more complex procedures.
CuAlO2-Based Memristor with Device-Aware Temporal Learning for Neuromorphic Applications ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c12115
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-26 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: University of Stuttgart
- Autoren:
- A. Chatterjee — Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur (IN)
- Mubashir Mushtaq Ganaie — Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur (IN)
- Swaraj Mukherjee — Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur (IN)
- Jonathan Adamu — University of Stuttgart (DE)
- Chaitanya B. Auti — Indian Institute of Technology Mandi (IN)
- Chittaranjan Das — University of Stuttgart (DE)
- Pradeep Kumar — Indian Institute of Technology Mandi (IN)
- Michael Saliba — University of Stuttgart (DE)
- Mahesh Kumar — Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur (IN)
- Topics: Advanced Memory and Neural Computing; Copper-based nanomaterials and applications; Nanoporous metals and alloys
- Keywords: Neuromorphic engineering; Memristor; MNIST database; Resistive random-access memory; Artificial neural network; Transistor; Crossbar switch
- Abstract: Memristive devices have emerged as promising candidates for neuromorphic computing because of their ability to emulate analog synaptic functionalities via electrical tuning of conductance states. However, achieving stable and reliable switching remains challenging in copper oxide systems due to multiple intrinsic defect-mediated transport processes existing simultaneously. In this work, we demonstrate CuAlO2-based memristors exhibiting stable bipolar resistive switching, analog conductance modulation, and synaptic plasticity suitable for neuromorphic applications. The structurally ordered delafossite CuAlO2 switching layer reduces competing intrinsic defect migration and promotes controlled Ag-mediated electrochemical metallization dynamics. Furthermore, the incorporation of an ultrathin SnO2 interlayer introduces a p-n heterojunction that modifies the local electric-field distribution and improves conductive filament confinement, resulting in improved switching properties. The memristor further exhibits key synaptic functionalities, including paired-pulse facilitation, potentiation-depression behavior, and synaptic plasticity. To evaluate its neuromorphic capability, a device-aware spiking neural network incorporating experimentally measured memristor dynamics was implemented for neuromorphic learning tasks like MNIST handwritten digit classification and physiological signal classification using ECG arrhythmia data. These results establish CuAlO2-based memristors as a promising platform for physically realistic neuromorphic computing and demonstrate the importance of integrating device-level switching dynamics into neural network design.
Fluorosulfonyl Additive-Reinforced Interphases for High-Voltage and Fast-Charging Lithium Metal Batteries ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c07324
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-25 · Vol. 18, Issue 35, S. 47565-47577 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-01
- DE-Institutionen: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Autoren:
- Xue Li — Nanchang University (CN)
- Yuxin Rao — Nanchang University (CN)
- Shangquan Zhao — Nanchang University (CN)
- Naigen Zhou — Nanchang University (CN)
- Fei Luo — Nanchang University (CN)
- Xiang Liu — Nanchang University (CN)
- Yong Li — Nanchang University (CN)
- Stefano Passerini — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE); Nanjing Normal University (CN)
- Shan Fang — Nanchang University (CN)
- Topics: Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies; Advancements in Battery Materials; Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Keywords: Electrolyte; Solvation; Lithium metal; Anode; Lithium (medication); Interphase
- Abstract: Electrolytes capable of simultaneously stabilizing lithium metal anodes and high-nickel cathodes under high-voltage and high-rate operation are essential for practical lithium metal batteries yet remain difficult to realize. Here, methyl fluorosulfonyldifluoroacetate (MDFSA) is introduced as an electrolyte additive to regulate the Li+ solvation structure in an ether-carbonate co-solvent electrolyte. MDFSA weakens the coordination of 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) with Li+ and promotes the involvement of DFOB- in the solvation sheath, facilitating the formation of robust inorganic-rich interphases at both the lithium metal anode and the cathode. The optimized electrolyte enables Li||LiNi0.91Co0.06Mn0.03O2 cells to deliver 75.8% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 4.5 V and 1 C and 80.53% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 4.3 V and 4 C. These results highlight the effectiveness of fluorosulfonyl additive-enabled solvation and interphase regulation for improving the high-voltage stability, rate capability, and cycling durability of lithium metal batteries.
Degradation Mechanisms of Fluorinated Disordered Rocksalt Cathodes: Effects of Electrolyte Chemistry and Discharge Voltage ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6c09846
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · Vol. 18, Issue 34, S. 46291-46301 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-31
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
- Autoren:
- Ridwan A. Ahmed — Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- Gi‐Hyeok Lee — Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Eitan Hershkovitz — Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- Tianyu Li — University of California, San Francisco (US); University of California System (US); University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Yanbao Fu — Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Işıksu Büyüker — Argonne National Laboratory (US)
- Mateusz Zuba — Argonne National Laboratory (US)
- Özgenur Kahvecioğlu — Argonne National Laboratory (US)
- Vincent Battaglia — Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Raphaële J. Clément — University of California, San Francisco (US); University of California System (US); Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research (DE); University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Wanli Yang — Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Chongmin Wang — Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- Wu Xu — Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- Topics: Advancements in Battery Materials; Fiber-reinforced polymer composites; Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Keywords: Electrolyte; Cathode; Electrochemistry; Degradation (telecommunications); Electrochemical window; Electrode; Redox
- Abstract: Cation-disordered rock-salt (DRX) oxides have emerged as a promising class of high energy density cathodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. Fluorination has been widely employed to tune the redox chemistry and structural stability of these materials, leading to enhanced electrochemical performance. However, the degradation mechanisms of fluorinated DRX (F-DRX) cathodes during electrochemical cycling remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the degradation behavior of an F-DRX cathode cycled in a conventional carbonate-based electrolyte and a localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE). By correlating electrochemical performance with interfacial and bulk structural evolution, we elucidate the role of electrolyte chemistry and deep discharge voltage in governing structural transformation and degradation. The results reveal more pronounced surface and bulk structural changes in the conventional LiPF6-carbonate electrolyte relative to LiFSI-LHCE, indicating accelerated degradation in the former. Lowering the discharge cutoff voltage from 2.0 to 1.5 V further promotes interfacial degradation in both electrolyte systems. This work demonstrates that the LHCE offers superior compatibility with F-DRX cathodes, enabling stable cycling by mitigating surface and bulk structural degradation. These insights clarify the interplay between electrolyte chemistry and voltage window in F-DRX degradation and highlight the critical importance of advanced electrolyte designs for unlocking the full potential of DRX cathodes.
ACS Nano (ACSNANO) — 8 neu
Dual Active Motif in Ru-Modulated CoFe2O4 Spinel for Highly Selective Seawater Oxidation in Zero-Gap Alkaline Water Electrolysis ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c12480
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-16 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-17
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion
- Autoren:
- Sukhwa Hong — University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US); Yale University (US)
- Sang‐Mun Jung — Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Ju Ye Kim — Oregon State University (US); Hope University (SO)
- Sunmi Im — Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Byung-Jo Lee — Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Kahyun Ham — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (DE)
- Minjun Choi — University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US); Goodwin College (US)
- Kangwoo Cho — Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Yong‐Tae Kim — Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Andrew A. Peterson — Hope University (SO)
- Paul J. A. Kenis — University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US); Goodwin College (US)
- Topics: Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion; Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems; Advanced battery technologies research
- Keywords: Electrolysis; Seawater; Oxygen evolution; Anode; Electrolysis of water; Membrane; Catalysis; Spinel
- Abstract: Abstract Direct seawater electrolysis offers a sustainable route to hydrogen, but catalyst corrosion and degradation of polymer membranes under alkaline, chloride-rich conditions remain key limitations. We report a zero-gap alkaline seawater electrolyzer pairing a Ru (8 mol %)-modulated CoFe2O4 (Ru-CFO) anode with a zirconia-based porous diaphragm, which circumvents polymer degradation. Ru-CFO delivers oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotentials of 351 and 428 mV at 100 mA cm–2 in 1 M KOH and 1 M KOH seawater, outperforming RuO2. Rotating ring-disk electrode and in situ Raman measurements confirm selective OER without chloride adsorption or chlorine evolution. Density functional theory reveals that Ru incorporation expands the Fe-dominated pathway into a dual active motif engaging individual Fe centers and cooperative Co–Fe bridges. In a single cell, Ru-CFO reaches 2.69 A cm–2 at 2.5 V in 6 M KOH seawater, comparable to state-of-the-art anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers, with an activity-stability factor 4.9 times that of RuO2.
Density-Based Simulation of Constant-Current Atomic Force Microscopy Enables Quantitative Non-Planar Molecular Imaging ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c07202
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-14 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-15
- DE-Institutionen: Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen; Philipps University of Marburg
- Autoren:
- Marvin Krenz — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Miguel Wiche — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Ulrich Koert — Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
- Gregor Witte — Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
- André Schirmeisen — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Daniel Ebeling — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Simone Sanna — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Topics: Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications; Surface and Thin Film Phenomena; Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
- Keywords: Molecular dynamics; Characterization (materials science); Nanoscopic scale; Oscillation (cell signaling); Work (physics); Scanning tunneling microscope; Range (aeronautics); Density functional theory
- Abstract: Abstract High-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) with functionalized tips has enabled bond-resolved imaging of molecular structures on surfaces. However, conventional constant-height operation limits the quantitative characterization of nonplanar, bulky, or strongly corrugated adsorbates. Here, we introduce a density-based simulation framework for constant-current AFM (cc-AFM) that unifies tunneling feedback and probe-particle force modeling within a consistent first-principles approach. The method employs the electronic density obtained from density functional theory to generate STM height profiles, which are coupled to probe-particle simulations while considering tip deflection, oscillation averaging, and probe–tip tunneling. We benchmark the approach by using cc-AFM measurements of Hexafluoropentacene on Cu(111) and 2-iodotriphenylene on Ag(111), two systems exhibiting pronounced molecular corrugation and electronic asymmetry. The simulations reproduce the experimentally observed full-molecule contrast, current-dependent image evolution, and subtle bond-level features. By establishing a unified density-driven framework for constant-current AFM, this work enables quantitative three-dimensional structural imaging of complex adsorbates and provides a transferable methodology for interpreting coupled STM/AFM experiments across a wide range of nanoscale systems.
Proteinized Surface Remodeling Decouples Environmental Stability from Intracellular Degradation in Oxidation-Prone 2D Nanoborophene ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c11186
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-09 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-10
- DE-Institutionen: Attocube Systems (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Pranay Saha — Pennsylvania State University (US); HealthUnlocked (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Shraddha Krishnakumar — Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Teresa Aditya — Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Nada Maher — Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Ayşenur Yardım — Pennsylvania State University (US); Ege University (TR)
- Oğuzhan Çolak — Pennsylvania State University (US)
- David Skrodzki — Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Sung Hyun Cho — HealthUnlocked (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Xu Feng — University of Delaware (US)
- Dongjun Shin — Attocube Systems (Germany) (DE)
- Dipanjan Pan — Pennsylvania State University (US); HealthUnlocked (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Topics: Boron and Carbon Nanomaterials Research; Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects; Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry
- Keywords: Intracellular; Extracellular; Nanomaterials; Monolayer; Kinetics; Nanotoxicology; Degradation (telecommunications); Exfoliation joint
- Abstract: Abstract Borophene (BPH), a monolayer boron allotrope, exhibits outstanding electrical and mechanical properties but remains intrinsically constrained by its excessive susceptibility to oxidative degradation in aqueous and physiological environments. This study demonstrates that protein-assisted exfoliation using human serum albumin (HSA) establishes a dynamic biointerfacial sheath (BIS) that decouples environmental stability from intracellular degradation. HSA forms a robust BIS via multivalent hydrophobic, electrostatic, and thiol-mediated interactions, driving exfoliation into ultrathin nanosheets while suppressing air- and serum-induced oxidation. Proteinized BPH (PBPH) shows enhanced extracellular colloidal and chemical stability; however, upon cellular uptake, the same interface promotes rapid reactive oxygen species-driven degradation, leading to lattice fragmentation, loss of crystallinity, and conversion into soluble boronate species. Multimodal analyses confirm accelerated degradation kinetics and environmental stability of PBPH. These results highlight the protein corona as an active regulator of nanomaterial fate, enabling programmable decoupling of extracellular persistence from intracellular clearance in oxidation-prone two-dimensional systems.
Bottom-Up Realization of a Type-II Organic/Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides Heterointerface: Pentacene on Monolayer WS2 ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c07654
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-05 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-06
- DE-Institutionen: TU Dortmund University; Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- Autoren:
- Michele Capra — TU Dortmund University (DE)
- Christian S. Kern — Medical University of Graz (AT); Graz University of Technology (AT); Graz University Hospital (AT)
- Mira S. Arndt — TU Dortmund University (DE)
- Karl Schiller — TU Dortmund University (DE)
- Max Niederreiter — Medical University of Graz (AT); Graz University of Technology (AT); Graz University Hospital (AT)
- Francesco Presel — Medical University of Graz (AT); Graz University of Technology (AT); Graz University Hospital (AT)
- Iolanda Di Bernardo — Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES)
- Marco Gruenewald — Schiller International University (FR); Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Torsten Fritz — Schiller International University (FR); Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Stefan Tappertzhofen — TU Dortmund University (DE)
- Martin Sterrer — Medical University of Graz (AT); Graz University of Technology (AT); Graz University Hospital (AT)
- Peter Puschnig — Medical University of Graz (AT); Graz University of Technology (AT); Graz University Hospital (AT)
- Mirko Cinchetti — TU Dortmund University (DE)
- Giovanni Zamborlini — TU Dortmund University (DE); Medical University of Graz (AT); Graz University of Technology (AT); Graz University Hospital (AT)
- Topics: 2D Materials and Applications; Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Graphene research and applications
- Keywords: Heterojunction; Monolayer; Pentacene; Molecular beam epitaxy; Photoemission spectroscopy; Semiconductor; Spintronics; Epitaxy
- Abstract: Abstract Stacked van der Waals heterostructures based on transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit a rich variety of exotic interfacial phenomena. Substituting one component with an organic semiconductor (OSC) enables the design of hybrid heterostructures with tunable functionalities for optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and spintronic applications. In this work, exploiting scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), photoemission orbital tomography (POT), and G0W0 electronic structure calculations, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate the self-assembly of an ordered single layer of pentacene (5A) above monolayer WS2, exhibiting a type-II (staggered) band alignment in the hybrid 5A/WS2 interface. Central to this result is the synthesis of extended, atomically flat WS2 ─ an essential prerequisite for a highly ordered and electronically homogeneous OSC/TMD interface ─ which can only be reliably achieved via bottom-up growth, most notably molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). We realize this by leveraging Au(111) as an atomically clean and conductive sample for epitaxial growth ─ a necessary requirement for reliable and comparable STS/POT characterizations. The high quality of the synthesized heterostructure, together with its type-II band alignment, establishes pentacene/WS2 as a model system for orbital-resolved studies of charge transfer, energy-level renormalization, and nonequilibrium interfacial processes in hybrid organic/inorganic 2D heterostructures.
Nanobodies Equipped with HaloTag Enable Scalable Fluorescence-Lifetime Multiplexing ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c08378
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-03 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-04
- DE-Institutionen: Universitätsmedizin Göttingen; University of Göttingen; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics; Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie; Immatics Biotechnologies (Germany)
- Autoren:
- László Albert — Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE); University of Göttingen (DE)
- S. Basak — University of Göttingen (DE); Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Henrike Körner — Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE); University of Göttingen (DE)
- Nazar Oleksiievets — Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (DE); University of Göttingen (DE)
- Nikolaos Mougios — VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology (BE); VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research (BE)
- Elena R. Cotroneo — University of Göttingen (DE)
- Michelle S. Frei — ETH Zurich (CH)
- Jörg Enderlein — University of Göttingen (DE)
- Johannes Broichhagen — Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (DE)
- Nadja A. Simeth — University of Göttingen (DE)
- Roman Tsukanov — University of Göttingen (DE)
- Felipe Opazo — Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE); Immatics Biotechnologies (Germany) (DE); University of Göttingen (DE)
- Topics: Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research; Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications; Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Keywords: Multiplexing; Scalability; Limiting; Modular design; Multiplex; High fidelity; Fidelity; Encoding (memory)
- Abstract: Abstract Fluorescence lifetime (FL) is a robust strategy for multiplexed imaging; however, variability in fluorophores’ local microenvironment when used on affinity probes broadens lifetime distributions, limiting its practical applicability. We create a modular platform for FL encoding with nanobody–HaloTag variants, enabling universal FL multiplexing. By characterizing dozens of fluorophores across four HaloTag variants, we generate an FL landscape that reveals tunable, consistent FL signatures within a single spectrum. Leveraging this physicochemically defined encoding, we achieve multiplexed imaging of up to eight targets in a single staining step while preserving high spatial fidelity across cellular and tissue samples. Unlike conventional antibody labeling, our approach decouples probe identity from species constraints and eliminates batch-to-batch variability in FL. These results confirm nanobody-guided FL engineering as a scalable strategy for multiplexed imaging (NanoFLex), offering a standard and straightforward framework for FL multiplexing and expanding the accessible dimensions of optical readout.
Oncogenic KRAS Regulates Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles and Surface Membrane Charge via Regulation of Phosphatidylserine in Pancreatic Cancer ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c08263
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · Vol. 20, Issue 36, S. 24605-24620 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-04
- DE-Institutionen: Helios Universitätsklinikum Wuppertal; Heidelberg University; University Hospital Heidelberg
- Autoren:
- Paul A. Spezza — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US); Rice University (US)
- Kshipra Kapoor — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US); Rice University (US)
- Beatrice P. Pforr — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US); Rice University (US)
- Xin Luo — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Kaira A. Church — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Martin M. Bell — Rice University (US)
- Bo Fan — Rice University (US)
- Seoyun Kong — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Elena V. Ramirez — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Yilin Chen — Rice University (US)
- Fernanda G. Kugeratski — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Sibani Lisa Biswal — Rice University (US)
- Kathleen M. McAndrews — The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Florian Gebauer — Helios Universitätsklinikum Wuppertal (DE)
- Christoph Kahlert — Heidelberg University (DE); University Hospital Heidelberg (DE)
- … und 2 weitere
- Topics: Extracellular vesicles in disease; Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics; interferon and immune responses
- Keywords: Pancreatic cancer; Secretion; Phosphatidylserine; KRAS; Cancer; Extracellular; Microvesicles; Oncogene
- Abstract: Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have the potential to be used as a liquid biopsy for cancer detection and treatment response assessment. Although the potential of EVs as disease-specific biomarkers has been promising, the rapid and specific enrichment of EVs from body fluids in a clinical setting remains challenging. To address this limitation, we developed a microfluidic electrophoresis (MEP) device for the label-free, charge-based enrichment of EVs from the serum of patients with pancreatic cancer (PaCa). We first validated the principle of charge-based cancer EV enrichment using cell-line-derived EVs, demonstrating that increased signaling through mutant Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS), particularly KrasG12D, was associated with enhanced EV secretion and a shift toward more negative ζ-potential values. We then evaluated EVs derived from the serum of patients with PaCa to assess the clinical relevance and translational potential of the MEP platform. Further analyses identified phosphatidylserine and extraluminal DNA as part of the molecular determinants of the enhanced anionic nature of the PaCa-derived EVs. Overall, this proof-of-concept study introduces a promising microfluidic platform for enriching circulating cancer EVs with potential applications in the rapid detection of PaCa.
True-Green Lasing in Bulk Nanocrystals through Alloying ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c08134
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-27 · Vol. 20, Issue 36, S. 24786-24796 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Universität Hamburg; HAW Hamburg; University of Potsdam; University of Applied Sciences Potsdam
- Autoren:
- Margarita Samoli — HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts (BE); Utrecht University (NL); Princeton University (US); Ghent University Hospital (BE); Ghent University (BE)
- Servet Ataberk Cayan — HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts (BE); Ghent University Hospital (BE); Ghent University (BE)
- Yannic U. Staechelin — Universität Hamburg (DE); HAW Hamburg (DE)
- Amber Visser — HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts (BE); Ghent University Hospital (BE); Ghent University (BE)
- Jinhua He — HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts (BE); Ghent University Hospital (BE); Ghent University (BE)
- Holger Lange — University of Potsdam (DE); University of Applied Sciences Potsdam (DE)
- Dries Van Thourhout — Imec the Netherlands (NL); Ghent University (BE)
- Pieter Geiregat — HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts (BE); Ghent University Hospital (BE); Ghent University (BE)
- Zeger Hens — HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts (BE); Ghent University Hospital (BE); Ghent University (BE)
- Ivo Tanghe — HOGENT University of Applied Sciences and Arts (BE); Imec the Netherlands (NL); Ghent University Hospital (BE); Ghent University (BE)
- Topics: Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties; Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications; Photonic Crystals and Applications
- Keywords: Lasing threshold; Femtosecond; Laser; Nanocrystal; Photonic crystal; Auger effect; Quantum dot; Spectroscopy
- Abstract: Abstract Bulk nanocrystals (BNCs) exhibit exceptional optical gain because of strong Auger suppression and band gap renormalization effects, but this advantage comes at the cost of losing the size-dependent spectral tunability that underpins conventional colloidal nanocrystals. As a result, CdS BNCs remain largely limited to the cyan-green spectral region (480–520 nm), restricting access to technologically important wavelengths such as true green (520–550 nm). Here, we show that compositional alloying restores spectral tunability to the BNC regime while preserving its favorable gain characteristics. By incorporating selenium into CdS, we obtain CdS0.87Se0.13 alloyed BNCs that emit in the true-green region while retaining bulk-like suppression of Auger recombination. Transient-absorption spectroscopy reveals strong optical gain with multinanosecond lifetimes, including a red-shifted alloy band-edge gain feature together with a higher-energy CdS-derived contribution due to a CdS shell. Thin films of the alloyed BNCs exhibit amplified spontaneous emission with a threshold of 215 μJ/cm2. When integrated into photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers, the same material supports single-mode, highly collimated lasing across 520–540 nm under both femtosecond and quasi-continuous-wave excitation, with line widths of ∼ 0.7 nm and thresholds as low as 10 kW/cm2. These results establish alloyed BNCs as solution-processable gain media that combine bulk-like gain physics with compositional wavelength tunability, supporting the development of compact visible lasers in spectral regions inaccessible to single-composition BNC materials.
Deciphering Femtosecond Charge–Lattice Dynamics in Textured LaFeO3 Thin Films ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c04204
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-26 · Vol. 20, Issue 35, S. 24366-24375 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy
- Autoren:
- Masoud Lazemi — Utrecht University (NL); Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE); University of Twente (NL)
- Fabian J. Mohammad — Utrecht University (NL)
- R. Ash — University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Zain Abhari — University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Roberta Candela — University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Hans J.F.A. Blankesteijn — Utrecht University (NL)
- Emma van der Minne — University of Twente (NL)
- Yorick A. Birkhölzer — University of Twente (NL)
- Miguel O. Segovia-Guzmán — Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE)
- Moritz Nunnenkamp — University of Twente (NL)
- Phu Tran Phong Le — University of Twente (NL)
- Sang Han Park — Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Abhishek Katoch — Yonsei University (KR)
- Soonnam Kwon (1268460) — Pohang University of Science and Technology (KR)
- Christoph Baeumer — University of Twente (NL)
- … und 4 weitere
- Topics: Multiferroics and related materials; Iron oxide chemistry and applications; Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
- Keywords: Femtosecond; Amorphous solid; Charge carrier; Ultrafast laser spectroscopy; Excitation; Population; Relaxation (psychology); Spectroscopy
- Abstract: Understanding the intricate interplay between electronic and lattice dynamics is indispensable for controlling photoinduced functionality in correlated oxides. Here, we investigate the ultrafast relaxation pathways in textured LaFeO3 using femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) absorption spectroscopy at the iron 3p edge. These nanosheets facilitate oriented perovskite growth on the amorphous Si3N4 membrane, giving rise to local epitaxy while preserving XUV transparency. By combining table-top time-resolved measurements with crystal-field multiplet calculations, we track the evolution from rapid ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) excitation to a lattice-stabilized polaronic state. The early-time response is dominated by the population of a mixed charge-transfer state with pronounced t2g3eg3 (5E) character, which indicates the initial electronic redistribution that follows photoexcitation. On subpicosecond time scales, the emergence of lattice-assisted carrier localization leads to partial charge localization and a lowering of the symmetry of Fe3+ sites. These changes suggest the formation of a polaronic state. At later delays, the transient spectra are governed by distorted Fe3+ configurations with residual charge-transfer character, without evidence for long-lived Fe2+ formation. Comparison with α-Fe2O3 reveals distinct material dependence in both charge-transfer relaxation and polaron-formation dynamics, demonstrating the roles of lattice topology and iron-oxygen covalency.
Advanced Materials (ADVMAT) — 18 neu
Bioinspired Mechanosensitive Organic Artificial Neuron With Programmable Excitatory and Inhibitory Responses via Nonlinear Mechano‐Electrochemical Coupling ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.75027
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-17 · S. e75027 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-17
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- Autoren:
- Rassen Boukraa — University of Brescia (IT)
- Pietro Belleri — University of Brescia (IT)
- Zsolt M. Kovács‐Vajna — University of Brescia (IT)
- Paschalis Gkoupidenis — North Carolina State University (US); Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (DE)
- Fabrizio Torricelli — University of Brescia (IT)
- Topics: Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials; Advanced Memory and Neural Computing; Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Keywords: Neuromorphic engineering; Nonlinear system; Artificial muscle; Coupling (piping); Memristor; Artificial neural network; Self-healing hydrogels; Oscillation (cell signaling)
- Abstract: Neuromorphic systems capable of directly interfacing with the physical world are essential for embodied intelligence, wearable bioelectronics, and adaptive human-machine interaction. However, most artificial neurons process mechanical and chemical stimuli through external sensors and peripheral circuitry, rather than encoding multimodal information at the neuron-level, limiting integration and functional coupling between stimuli and excitability. Here we report a flexible organic artificial neuron (OAN) that couples mechanical deformation and ionic environment to spiking dynamics through nonlinear mechano-electrochemical interactions. The OAN, fabricated by additive manufacturing on flexible substrates, integrates an organic electrochemical nonlinear element exhibiting S-shaped negative differential resistance (S-NDR) with a nonlinear active load to generate low-voltage oscillatory activity. Mechanical bending within the elastic regime and variations in electrolyte ion concentration reconfigure the relative position between the S-NDR characteristic and the active-load line in the current-voltage plane, enabling deterministic transitions between quiescent and oscillatory states. The proposed OAN shows mechanically triggered firing, mechanically induced silencing, and chemically controlled reactivation. Numerical simulations quantitatively reproduce the nonlinear OAN operation and spiking behavior, providing predictive design guidelines. These findings establish a device-level framework for multimodal organic neurons in which mechanical and ionic signals are directly encoded in device physics, opening avenues toward biointegrated neuromorphic systems.
Dynamic Formation and Protective Role of 0D Carbon Dots During High‐Temperature Catalytic Graphitization ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.75000
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-16 · S. e75000 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-16
- DE-Institutionen: Technical University of Munich
- Autoren:
- Ziyang Jia — Beihang University (CN)
- Jin Zhang — Beihang University (CN)
- Jin Zhao — Beihang University (CN)
- Hongqin Liu — Beihang University (CN)
- Hoong Chuin Lai — Beihang University (CN)
- Kuan Zhao — Beihang University (CN)
- Qi Yan — Beihang University (CN)
- Dichu Xu — Ningbo University of Technology (CN); Beihang University (CN)
- Guice Yao — Beihang University (CN)
- Dongsheng Wen — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Bingjun Zhu — Zhejiang International Studies University (CN); Beihang University (CN)
- Topics: Carbon Nanotubes in Composites; Thermal properties of materials; Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
- Keywords: Nanoscopic scale; Catalysis; Graphene; Carbon fibers; Thermal; Quantum dot; Molecular dynamics
- Abstract: Phenolic resin (PR) has been extensively employed as an ablative thermal protection material in aerospace applications. While catalytic graphitization has been shown to enhance ablative resistance, the mechanism has remained unclear due to the contradiction between enhanced performance and limited graphitized domain coverage. Here, we unravel a new nanoscopic anti-ablation mechanism based on the first-time observation of residual carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in ablated Ni-doped PR, evidence of the dynamic evolution of 0D carbon dots during oxyacetylene ablation. Reactive molecular dynamics (RMDs) simulation reveals that the ultrahigh ablation temperature triggers simultaneous catalytic formation and oxidative disintegration of graphitized carbon shells around Ni particles, accompanied by dynamic generation and decomposition of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) via continuous atomic oxygen impingement. This work offers a new insight into nanoscopic thermal protection mechanisms based on the catalytic graphitization of PR and dynamic evolution of 0D carbon upon thermal ablation, which may serve as a new approach for enhancing thermal protection performance of resin-based materials.
Robust Hydrogel Electrolyte for Extra‐Low Temperature Zinc Ion Storage Enabled by Nanoconfinement Effect ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.75036
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-16 · S. e75036 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-17
- DE-Institutionen: University of Bayreuth
- Autoren:
- Peilin Liang — Southeast University (CN)
- Dongzhi Zhang — Southeast University (CN)
- Hongliang Dong — Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (CN)
- Baptiste Py — Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK)
- Qinfen Gu — Australian Synchrotron (AU)
- Pan Xiong — Nanjing University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Hui Xia — Nanjing University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Francesco Ciucci — Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK); University of Bayreuth (DE)
- Wei She — Southeast University (CN)
- Yuping Wu — Southeast University (BD); Southeast University (CN)
- Linfeng Hu — Southeast University (BD); Southeast University (CN)
- Topics: Advanced battery technologies research; Advancements in Battery Materials; Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Keywords: Electrolyte; Self-healing hydrogels; Energy storage; Ionic conductivity; Electrochemical energy storage; Conductivity; Electrochemistry; Supercapacitor
- Abstract: ABSTRACT The growing demand for energy storage in extreme environments, including aerospace, polar regions, and deep sea, necessitates batteries that can operate reliably at ultra‐low temperatures. Zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have emerged as promising candidates for such applications, with hydrogel electrolytes offering an appealing combination of safety, flexibility, and stability. However, conventional hydrogel electrolytes, containing high proportions of free water (> 80 wt.%), suffer from critical limitations, including narrow electrochemical stability windows, unwanted metal‐anode side reactions, and freezing at subzero temperatures. To address these critical challenges, we introduce a novel nanoconfinement strategy that restricts free water mobility by embedding ∼60 nm polystyrene within a polyacrylamide (PAM)‐based hydrogel matrix. The resulting 30PS‐nc‐PAM hydrogel electrolyte exhibited high zinc ionic conductivity and mechanical robustness. Demonstrating practical application at −40°C, an ultralong lifespan of 5000 cycles was achieved in a Zn|30PS‐nc‐PAM|PANI flexible cell. Even at −70°C, a Zn|30PS‐nc‐PAM|VO 2 coin cell exhibited a high specific capacity of 131.1 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 , outperforming most of the recently reported low‐temperature ZIBs based on hydrogel electrolytes. The nanoconfinement strategy effectively addresses major limitations of conventional hydrogels in terms of low‐temperature ionic conductivity, salt segregation, and mechanical properties, thereby opening new avenues for energy storage in extreme environments.
Data‐Driven Discovery of MOF–Polymer Synergies Enabling High‐Performance Solid‐State Sodium Batteries ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.75031
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-16 · S. e75031 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-17
- DE-Institutionen: University of Cologne
- Autoren:
- Si Zhao — Fujian Normal University (CN); University of Cologne (DE)
- Yiwei Lv — Fujian Normal University (CN)
- Lituo Zheng — Fujian Normal University (CN)
- Luzhuo Chen — Fujian Normal University (CN)
- Bing Lin — Fujian Normal University (CN)
- Mingdeng Wei — Fuzhou University (CN)
- Sanjay Mathur — University of Cologne (DE)
- Zhensheng Hong — Fujian Normal University (CN)
- Topics: Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies; Advancements in Battery Materials; Thermal Expansion and Ionic Conductivity
- Keywords: Electrolyte; Ionic conductivity; Electrochemistry; Energy storage; Electrochemical window; Conductivity; Oxide; Polymer
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Solid‐state batteries (SSBs) are widely regarded as a promising next‐generation energy storage technology owing to their intrinsic safety and high energy density. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have been esteemed as a cost‐effective route to realize commercial SSBs, however, it's hindered by the low ionic conductivity at room temperature. Here, we present a data‐driven strategy to screen a broad library of M‐MOF‐74 structures and identify Zn‐MOF‐74 as an optimal filler for poly(vinylidene difluoride)‐based electrolytes after comprehensive structure‐conductivity correlation analysis and performance prediction. The SPE‐Zn‐MOF electrolyte achieves an ionic conductivity of 1.02 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at room temperature and a high Na + transference number (t Na+ ) of 0.84. Various structural characterizations reveal that Zn‐MOF‐74 suppresses the formation of PVDF microcrystallinity and anomalously inhibits the re‐crystallinity of polymer during cycling, which also promotes anion dissociation through Lewis‐acidic metal sites and the formation of NaF‐rich interphase. These synergies extend the electrochemical stability window up to 5.1 V and support prolonged cycling stability beyond 4000 h in Na||Na cells. When integrated with layered oxide or Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathodes, the optimized SPE enables both full cells achieving superior cycling stability and excellent rate capability at room temperature.
Inductively Expandable Supraparticles as Microscopic Force Generators for Remote Mechanical Actuation ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74932
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-15 · S. e74932 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-05
- DE-Institutionen: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- Autoren:
- Leoni Luthardt — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Stephan Müssig — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Robert Luxenhofer — Helsinki Institute of Physics (FI)
- Karl Mandel — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Topics: Advanced Materials and Mechanics; Micro and Nano Robotics; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Keywords: Microscale chemistry; Magnetic nanoparticles; Work (physics); Heat generation; Actuator; Mechanical energy; Stress (linguistics); Magnetic field
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Generating strong mechanical forces at the microscale is central to emerging technologies like soft microrobotics and adaptive materials. However, delivering energy remotely and converting it into mechanical work within confined environments remains challenging. Magnetic nanoparticles enable rapid, contactless heat generation through induction heating under alternating magnetic fields, yet this is typically exploited only for thermal effects. Here, we introduce micrometer‐scaled supraparticle additives that convert induction‐generated heat directly into mechanical work through confined expansion. These supraparticles are fabricated by spray‐drying magnetic nanoparticles with functional blowing agents, enabling actuation by rapid gas release using azodicarbonamide or volumetric expansion via vaporization‐induced volume expansion within a superabsorbent poly(acrylamide‐ co ‐acrylic acid) network. Upon magnetic excitation, heating generates pressure within the supraparticles, yielding power densities up to 5 kW kg −1 and lifting capabilities of up to 25 000 times their own mass, exceeding the typical limit of conventional materials (∼10 000x). Actuation is achieved with heating times of ≤5 s and total energy consumption below 3 Wh, remaining reproducible over multiple actuation cycles without failures. Generated stresses are sufficient to disrupt mechanically stable matrices, including rigid epoxies. These results establish supraparticles as versatile platforms for remotely powered mechanical actuation, enabling localized stress generation and material disruption in interactive materials.
Water Management Toward Durable Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74973
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-10 · S. e74973 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-11
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics
- Autoren:
- Anni Liu — Tianjin Energy Investment Group (China) (CN); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin (CN); State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (CN)
- Xinyue Zhang — Tianjin University of Science and Technology (CN); Tianjin University of Technology (CN); Tianjin University (CN)
- Bo Zhang — Tianjin Energy Investment Group (China) (CN); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin (CN); State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (CN)
- Yuzhi Wang — Tianjin Energy Investment Group (China) (CN); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin (CN); State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (CN)
- Feifei Wang — Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics (DE)
- Daliang Han — Tianjin Energy Investment Group (China) (CN); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin (CN); State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (CN)
- Zhe Weng — Tianjin Energy Investment Group (China) (CN); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin (CN); State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (CN)
- Quan‐Hong Yang — Tianjin Energy Investment Group (China) (CN); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin (CN); State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (CN)
- Topics: Advanced battery technologies research; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion; Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques
- Keywords: Aqueous solution; Battery (electricity); Bottleneck; Cathode; Electrolyte; Water splitting; Software deployment; Reactivity (psychology)
- Abstract: Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) hold immense promises for large-scale energy storage, owing to their intrinsic safety, cost-effectiveness, environmental benignity, and rapid reaction kinetics-advantages fundamentally originating from the aqueous electrolyte. However, this aqueous medium acts as a definitive "double-edged sword." The high thermodynamic reactivity of water simultaneously triggers severe parasitic vulnerabilities, including the hydrogen evolution reaction, severe electrode corrosion, uncontrollable dendrite proliferation, and cathode dissolution, which critically degrade battery stability and impede practical commercialization. Consequently, mitigating these conflicting roles through precise "water management" has emerged not merely as an optimization strategy, but as the ultimate bottleneck determining the future viability of AZIBs. Recognizing this urgency, this review provides a comprehensive, multi-dimensional water management framework. We systematically elucidate the fundamental physicochemical behaviors of water, dialectically analyze its dualistic nature, and critically discuss state-of-the-art regulatory strategies across four aspects: electrolyte formulation, electrode, and interface engineering, functional auxiliary materials, and macroscopic device architectures. By shifting the research paradigm from conventional material modification to targeted water regulation, we highlight the synergistic mechanisms required to neutralize water-induced side reactions. Ultimately, we outline future research trajectories, providing a forward-looking roadmap to bridge the gap between fundamental research and the industrial-scale deployment of durable AZIBs.
Topological Spin‐Texture Transitions in van der Waals Magnets Revealed by X‐Ray Fourier Transform Holography ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74883
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-08 · S. e74883 · OpenAlex seit 2026-05-30
- DE-Institutionen: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY; Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy; Universität Hamburg; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Autoren:
- Sourav Chowdhury — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- Soumyaranjan Dash — Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IN)
- Michael Schneider — Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE)
- Christopher Klose — Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE)
- Chithra H. Sharma — Universität Hamburg (DE); Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (DE)
- Lisa-Marie Kern — Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE)
- Tim A. Butcher — Paul Scherrer Institute (CH); Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE)
- Josefin Fuchs — Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE)
- Santanu Pakhira — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE); Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (IN)
- Samik DuttaGupta — Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (IN)
- Takashi Taniguchi — National Institute for Materials Science (JP)
- Kenji Watanabe — National Institute for Materials Science (JP)
- Sujit Das — Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Sanjeev Kumar — Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IN)
- Bastian Pfau — Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE)
- … und 2 weitere
- Topics: Topological Materials and Phenomena; Magnetic properties of thin films; 2D Materials and Applications
- Keywords: Spintronics; van der Waals force; Ferromagnetism; Topology (electrical circuits); Hamiltonian (control theory); Lattice (music); Fourier transform; Skyrmion
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Nontrivial topological spin‐textures, such as skyrmions, merons, bimerons, and skyrmioniums, are envisioned as robust building blocks for future memory and logic devices. Controllable transformations between these states require a quantum‐mechanical description of electronic degrees of freedom and atomic‐scale insight beyond existing phenomenological models. Here, we report an atomic‐scale investigation of topological phase transitions and their protection in the two‐dimensional van der Waals ferromagnet Fe 3 GeTe 2 (FGT) using a combined experimental‐theoretical approach. Synchrotron‐based Fourier transform holography directly images labyrinth domains, isolated skyrmions, mixed labyrinth‐skyrmion phases, and skyrmion bags with high spatial resolution. We compare these observations to simulations based on an electronic lattice Hamiltonian that captures both metallicity and relativistic spin‐orbit coupling in FGT. By systematically exploring a broad range of temperatures and magnetic fields, we map the mechanisms governing topological transitions and their stability. This sequential‐integrated experimental‐theoretical framework advances understanding of spin‐texture interactions and enables precise control of external tuning parameters. Our results establish a platform for creating, stabilizing, and manipulating topological states, paving the way for engineered spin‐texture transitions in next‐generation spintronic technologies.
Interaction Between Three‐Dimensional Topological Spin Textures With Layer‐Dependent Sign Change Tunes Lattice Symmetry ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74896
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-03 · S. e74896 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-04
- DE-Institutionen: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Autoren:
- Shangrun Lu — Sun Yat-sen University (CN); Peking University (CN)
- Yusheng Hou — Sun Yat-sen University (CN); Shenzhen University (CN); Peking University (CN); The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Yusheng Hou — Sun Yat-sen University (CN); Shenzhen University (CN); Peking University (CN); The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Jan Masell — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Xichao Zhang — Waseda University (JP)
- Qing-Fa Luo — Peking University (CN)
- Shaohua Fan — Peking University (CN); Ministry of Education (RW)
- Wenkun Zhao — Peking University (CN)
- Zhaochu Luo — Peking University (CN)
- Jinbo Yang — Peking University (CN)
- Yanglong Hou — Sun Yat-sen University (CN); Shenzhen University (CN); Peking University (CN); The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Yanglong Hou — Sun Yat-sen University (CN); Shenzhen University (CN); Peking University (CN); The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Licong Peng — Peking University (CN)
- Topics: Magnetic properties of thin films; Topological Materials and Phenomena; Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials
- Keywords: Topology (electrical circuits); Lattice (music); Topological insulator; Square lattice; Topological quantum number; Hexagonal lattice; Boundary (topology); Sign (mathematics)
- Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) topological spin textures host rich internal structures in thickness dimensions and enable emergent topological phenomena. However, whether their layer-resolved textures and internal singularities fundamentally modify intralayer interactions lies beyond rigid-tube interaction models and remains unexplored. Here we show that, in 3D hybrid skyrmion-antiskyrmion strings, the layer-dependent topology gives rise to interactions with a sign change across the film thickness, producing a switch between attraction and repulsion both among different layers within each texture and between neighboring 3D strings. This vertically asymmetric attractive-repulsive interaction drives a tunable transition between square and triangular string lattices, in agreement with our experiment. Computational simulations identify quadrupolar Bloch points as internal topological junctions whose vertical migration mediates the intralayer competition between repulsive skyrmion segments near the surfaces and attractive antiskyrmion segments in the interior. We further show that the averaged topological charge quantifies the relative thickness fractions of the two competing topological segments and robustly captures the lattice phase boundary over a broad range of magnetic parameters. These findings highlight the importance of the surface-bulk difference in topological materials and establish vertically asymmetric interactions as an intrinsic mechanism for topological phase control in 3D magnetic systems.
Spectrally Programmable Spin‐Polarized Photocurrents in WSe 2 –NiPS 3 Magnetic van der Waals Heterostructures ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74889
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-02 · S. e74889 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Technische Universität Darmstadt; Technische Universität Dresden; Center for Advanced Systems Understanding
- Autoren:
- Rajesh Kumar Yadav — Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Michal Poplinger — Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Adi Levi — Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Adi Harchol — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Nirman Chakraborty — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL); Technische Universität Darmstadt (DE)
- Thomas Brumme — Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Thomas Heine — Yonsei University (KR); Institute for Basic Science (KR); Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Efrat Lifshitz — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Doron Naveh — Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Topics: 2D Materials and Applications; Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties; Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Keywords: Spintronics; Excitation; Magnetic field; Heterojunction; van der Waals force; Semiconductor; Polarization (electrochemistry); Magnetic semiconductor
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Efficient generation and control of spin‐polarized currents in semiconductors remain central challenges for spin‐based electronics, particularly due to impedance mismatch and the reliance on magnetic fields or ferromagnetic contacts. Here, we introduce a materials platform for spectrally programmable spin transport based on a van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure combining the antiferromagnetic semiconductor NiPS 3 with WSe 2 . In a p–n diode architecture, circularly polarized excitation produces pronounced photoconductive resonances with spin‐polarization reaching 80% near the Néel temperature and persisting at ≈30% at room temperature. Remarkably, selected spectral bands retain their polarization sign across the magnetic phase transition, evidencing robust, spectrally protected spin‐polarized current generation. Polarization‐resolved photogalvanic measurements reveal a dominant circular injection‐current mechanism, confirming spin‐polarized carrier transport. First‐principles calculations show that an applied electric field induces interfacial hybridization and spin‐layer locking, giving rise to localized symmetry breaking and enhanced optical absorption while preserving global time‐reversal symmetry. These results establish spectral tuning of excitation as a new control knob for spin transport, enabling spin‐current generation without magnetic fields or polarization switching. Our findings position magnetic vdW heterostructures as a versatile platform for opto‐spintronic functionality and spectrally programmable spintronic devices.
Rapid Fabrication of Self‐Propelled and Steerable Magnetic Microcatheters for Precision Medicine (Adv. Mater. 51/2026) ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74860
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · Vol. 38, Issue 51 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-12
- DE-Institutionen: Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research; Center for Molecular Bioengineering; TU Bergakademie Freiberg
- Autoren:
- Zhi Chen — CIC nanoGUNE (ES)
- Boris Rivkin — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE)
- David Castellanos‐Robles — CIC nanoGUNE (ES); Center for Molecular Bioengineering (DE)
- Ivan Soldatov — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE)
- Lukas Beyer — Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (DE); TU Bergakademie Freiberg (DE)
- Mariana Medina‐Sánchez — Ikerbasque (ES); CIC nanoGUNE (ES); Center for Molecular Bioengineering (DE)
- Topics: Micro and Nano Robotics; Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles; Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Keywords: Fabrication; Precision medicine; Precision engineering; Accuracy and precision
- Abstract: Magnetic Microcatheters for Precision Medicine Rapidly fabricated magnetic microcatheters offer a novel solution for minimally invasive therapies. By imitating natural undulatory locomotion, the microcatheter actively propels through delicate lumens without tissue trauma. Their capability for precise, ultrasound-monitored navigation is demonstrated in assisted reproduction scenarios, with the vision of enabling targeted embryo/gamete transfer and targeted drug delivery within the reproductive system. More details can be found in the Research Article by Mariana Medina-Sánchez and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/adma.202506591).
Volatile Memristive Devices With Tunable Temporal Dynamics For Event‐Based Sensing ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74813
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-30 · S. e74813 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-01
- DE-Institutionen: Forschungszentrum Jülich
- Autoren:
- Dimitrios Spithouris — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Johannes Hellwig — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Hugh Greatorex — University of Groningen (NL)
- Clemens Wittberg — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Panagiotis Koutsogiannis — Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (ES)
- César Magén — Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (ES)
- Elisabetta Chicca — University of Groningen (NL)
- Regina Dittmann — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
- Topics: Advanced Memory and Neural Computing; Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks; Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
- Keywords: Neuromorphic engineering; Memristor; Millisecond; Non-volatile memory; Asynchronous communication; CMOS; Exploit; Resistive random-access memory
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Volatile memristive devices with controllable temporal dynamics enable adaptation to diverse temporal coding tasks, making them attractive for low‐power neuromorphic edge applications that process asynchronous sensory streams. However, most reported volatile memristors rely on abrupt filamentary switching, suffering from high variability, unreliable operation, and the need for current compliance and forming steps. In this work, an area‐dependent volatile memristive device based on a Pt/‐//Ta stack is presented, exhibiting ionic‐based volatility and a CMOS BEOL‐compatible process flow. The device combines low variability with forming‐free, self‐compliant, rectifying operation and gradual, analog‐like switching, achieving an ON/OFF ratio of . An in‐depth experimental and physical analysis of the mechanisms governing current transport and volatile behavior is provided. By exploiting the device's rich ionic dynamics, its volatility can be systematically tuned through applied stimulus and stack engineering, yielding decay time constants from tens of milliseconds to several seconds. A reliability study, including endurance and multilevel operation, demonstrates reproducible access to distinct volatile states. Finally, it is shown how a complete system, combining the device with spiking neuron models and CMOS circuitry, could exploit its programmable temporal dynamics for event‐based vision, with the wide range of decay constants supporting multiple sensory modalities.
Upscaling the Fabrication of Rod‐Shaped Microgels: A Microfluidic Method Combining Step‐Emulsification With Consecutive Droplet Confinement in Parallelized Microchannels ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74822
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · S. e74822 · OpenAlex seit 2025-12-19
- DE-Institutionen: DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials; RWTH Aachen University
- Autoren:
- Matthias Mork — DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials (DE); Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (UA); RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Ninon Möhl — DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials (DE); Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (UA); RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Greta Romahn — DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials (DE); Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (UA); RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Laura De Laporte — DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials (DE); Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (UA); RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Cédric Bergerbit — DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials (DE); RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Laura De Laporte — DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials (DE); Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (UA); RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Topics: 3D Printing in Biomedical Research; Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Keywords: Microfluidics; Fabrication; Microporous material; Self-healing hydrogels; Particle (ecology); Polymerization; Nanoscopic scale; Polymer
- Abstract: Anisometric rod-shaped microgels are an emerging material class holding potential for tissue engineering. Their anisotropic shape has proven advantageous in the fabrication of granular hydrogels and microporous annealed particle scaffolds (MAPs), featuring larger pore sizes in comparison to their spherical counterparts. However, to enable the use of rod-shaped microgels as building blocks for high-throughput tissue models, a robust and scalable production method is needed. Here, we report a microfluidic fabrication method to produce rod-shaped microgels by combining step-emulsification (SE) and droplet confinement. We highlight the development of the microfluidic chip design, and characterize the properties of the microgel rods produced via on-chip gelation, using two light-induced polymerization chemistries. Compared to single-channel microfluidic techniques, rod-shaped microgels are generated in eight parallelized microchannels in a relevant size range for tissue engineering applications, holding potential for further upscaling.
Direct Observation of Propagating Spin Waves in a Spin Hall Nano‐Oscillator ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74547
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · Vol. 38, Issue 52, S. e74547 · OpenAlex seit 2026-02-07
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research; Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems; Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
- Autoren:
- Victor H. González — University of Cambridge (GB); University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Frank Schulz — Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research (DE); Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (DE)
- Nilamani Behera — University of Gothenburg (SE); Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar (IN)
- Martina Ahlberg — University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Akash Kumar — University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Andreas Frisk — University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Felix Groß — Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (DE)
- Sven Erik Ilse — Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research (DE); Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (DE)
- Steffen Wittrock — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Markus Weigand — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Gisela Schütz — Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (DE)
- Johan Åkerman — Tohoku Institute of Technology (JP); Tohoku University (JP); University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Sebastian Wintz — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE); Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (DE)
- Topics: Magnetic properties of thin films; Quantum and electron transport phenomena; Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Keywords: Magnetization; Spin wave; Magnetization dynamics; Magnon; Amplitude; Microwave; Anisotropy; Spin (aerodynamics)
- Abstract: Constriction-based spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs) show great promise for application as highly tunable microwave sources with straightforward scalability toward large coupled networks. However, details of the magnetization dynamics within SHNOs have thus far not been addressed experimentally, due to the minute time and length scales involved. In this work, we present direct imaging of the magnetization dynamics within a single CoFeB-based SHNO using time-resolved scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (TR-STXM). Our measurements reveal that the magnon amplitude is strongest at the two constriction edges, with a pronounced asymmetry favoring one edge, and that the emitted spin waves (SWs) exhibit strongly anisotropic propagation. Micromagnetic simulations suggest that grain boundaries and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) play a key role in both effects. Furthermore, the magnetodynamics changed during measurement, indicating that the CoFeB/MgO interface may be more susceptible to x-ray-induced modifications than previously recognized, challenging its presumed radiation hardness.
Moiré‐Induced Symmetry Breaking of Charge Order in van der Waals Heterostructures ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74730
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · S. e74730 · OpenAlex seit 2026-03-10
- DE-Institutionen: Universität Hamburg; Hamburg Institut (Germany); Hamburg University of Technology; Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter
- Autoren:
- Sandra Sajan — Donostia International Physics Center (ES)
- Laura Pätzold — Universität Hamburg (DE); Hamburg Institut (Germany) (DE); Hamburg University of Technology (DE)
- Tarushi Agarwal — Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal (IN)
- Clara Pfister — Universität Hamburg (DE); Hamburg Institut (Germany) (DE); Hamburg University of Technology (DE)
- Haojie Guo — Donostia International Physics Center (ES)
- Sisheng Duan — Donostia International Physics Center (ES)
- P. V. Sruthibhai — Material Physics Center (ES)
- Mariana Rossi — University of Cambridge (GB); Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (DE)
- Maria N. Gastiasoro — Donostia International Physics Center (ES)
- Sara Barja — Ikerbasque (ES); University of the Basque Country (ES); Polymat (ES); Material Physics Center (ES); Donostia International Physics Center (ES)
- Ravi Prakash Singh — Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal (IN)
- Tim Wehling — Universität Hamburg (DE); Hamburg Institut (Germany) (DE); Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (DE); Hamburg University of Technology (DE)
- Miguel M. Ugeda — Ikerbasque (ES); Material Physics Center (ES); Donostia International Physics Center (ES)
- Topics: 2D Materials and Applications; Topological Materials and Phenomena; Graphene research and applications
- Keywords: van der Waals force; Symmetry breaking; Quantum tunnelling; Anisotropy; Stacking; Heterojunction; Point reflection; Charge (physics)
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Layered materials that stack different lattice symmetries are rare in nature. Misfit layered chalcogenides, which combine square and hexagonal lattices of rocksalt monochalcogenides and transition‐metal dichalcogenides, provide a platform to explore how incommensurability and explicit symmetry breaking impact collective electronic phases. Here we use low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy to probe the misfit compounds (MS) 1+δ TaS 2 with M = Pb, Sn and track how the misfit interface reshapes the electronic ground state of the embedded 1H‐TaS 2 monolayers. High‐resolution STM imaging and Fourier analysis reveal that the charge‐density wave (CDW) is incommensurate and exhibits spatially inhomogeneous, short‐range correlations. Strikingly, the CDW exhibits a pronounced and anisotropic response to the uniaxial moiré potential imposed by the misfit layer: its coherence lengths and ordering wavevectors become inequivalent, demonstrating a strong nonlinear coupling between the intrinsic CDW instability and the symmetry‐breaking moiré field. First‐principles‐informed multiscale modeling suggests that this reorganization arises from the combined effect of interlayer charge transfer and the spatially anisotropic energy landscape introduced by the misfit interface. In contrast, superconductivity is comparatively insensitive to the moiré, revealing a uniform, single full‐gap consistent with s‐wave pairing. Our results establish heterosymmetry stacking as a route to engineer correlated states in van der Waals materials.
Alloying‐Controlled Tuning of Interfacial Spin‐Orbit Interaction and Magnetic Damping in Crystalline FeCo Thin Films Grown on GaAs(001) ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74841
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · S. e74841 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-29
- DE-Institutionen: Technical University of Munich; University of Regensburg; Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology
- Autoren:
- Hongrui Lao — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- M. Kronseder — University of Regensburg (DE)
- Zhe Yuan — Fudan University (CN)
- Thomas Narr — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Thomas N. G. Meier — Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (DE); Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Nadine Mundigl — University of Regensburg (DE)
- Xianlin Qu — Southwest University (CN)
- Zhongchang Wang — Southwest University (CN); Beihang University (CN)
- C. H. Back — Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (DE); Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Lin Chen — Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (DE); Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Topics: Magnetic properties of thin films; Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties; Quantum and electron transport phenomena
- Keywords: Ferromagnetism; Thin film; Scaling; Magnetic field; Scaling law; Magnetic damping
- Abstract: ABSTRACT The discovery of intrinsic spin–orbit fields in non‐centrosymmetric ferromagnets have attracted considerable interest for both fundamental studies and technological applications. However, once such materials are synthesized, the strength of the spin‐orbit fields is difficult to tune because it is primarily a bulk property. Here, we demonstrate that the interfacial spin‐orbit interaction (SOI) in single‐crystalline Fe 1− x Co x thin films grown on GaAs(001) can be continuously tuned via alloying. Using spin‐orbit ferromagnetic resonance, we find that the Landé g ‐factor, the Gilbert damping α , and the interfacial spin‐orbit fields exhibit a common nonmonotonic dependence on Co concentration. A pronounced minimum occurs near x ≈ 0.2 where an ultra‐low damping α ≈ 0.0015 is achieved. Furthermore, we observe linear scaling between α and ( g − 2) 2 , suggesting that interfacial SOI may also contribute to magnetic relaxation. These results identify alloying as an effective knob to engineer interfacial SOI and damping in single crystalline ferromagnet/semiconductor heterostructures.
Wafer‐Scale Hyper‐Porous Graphene Network With Intrinsic Ferromagnetism at Room‐Temperature ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74568
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · S. e74568 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-30
- DE-Institutionen: Quantum Design (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Chao Wang — Shenzhen University (CN)
- Nan Jian — Shenzhen University (CN); Shenzhen Technology University (CN)
- Meijie Yin — Shenzhen University (CN); Shenzhen Technology University (CN)
- Xi Zhang — Shenzhen University (CN); Shenzhen Technology University (CN)
- Takashi Kikkawa — Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JP)
- Shunsuke Daimon — National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (JP)
- Eiji Saitoh — Tohoku University (JP); Sahmyook University (KR); Advanced Institute of Materials Science (JP); RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (JP)
- Qian Li — National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (CN)
- Wensheng Yan — National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (CN)
- Dazhi Hou — Quantum Design (Germany) (DE)
- Lei Yang — Xi'an Jiaotong University (CN)
- Chunbo Li — Shenzhen Technology University (CN)
- Duo Zhao — Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Dongfeng Diao — Shenzhen University (CN); Shenzhen Technology University (CN)
- Topics: Graphene research and applications; Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication; Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
- Keywords: Spintronics; Ferromagnetism; Magnetism; Graphene; Magnetic moment; Annealing (glass); Impurity; Zigzag
- Abstract: ABSTRACT We report a wafer‐scale hyper‐porous graphene network (HGN) with room‐temperature intrinsic magnetism, which was revealed by both XMCD spectra at C K‐edge and M‐H curve, corresponding to a magnetic moment density of ∼0.06 μ B /atom, 1000 times higher than in defected HOPG. The impurity effects on magnetism were excluded by XMCD and ICP‐MS measurements. Atomic‐resolution observations unveiled that the magnetism originate from dangling zigzag edges within HGN pores apart over 1.4 nm, which was proved by annealing treatment and DFT calculations. This work confirms that intrinsic carbon ferromagnetism with the same physical mechanism as in the microscale can be obtained in bulk carbon systems. It provides a novel platform to further explore the spintronic and magnetic applications of carbon allotropes.
Laser‐Defined Reaction Topology Enables Controllable Solid‐State Transformations for Scalable Perovskite Photovoltaics ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74828
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · S. e74828 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-30
- DE-Institutionen: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
- Autoren:
- Kaihuai Du — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Haoran Zhang — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Aoyu Wang — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Xuebing Wen — Southeast University (CN)
- Chunna Huang — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Mengde Zhai — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Hang Lin — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Jialin Zhang — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Lvzhou Li — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Antonio Abate — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE); University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin — École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH); Southeast University (CN)
- Guixiang Li — Southeast University (CN)
- Weijia Zhou — University of Jinan (CN)
- Jianning Ding — Yangzhou University (CN)
- Topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications; TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells; Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
- Keywords: Perovskite (structure); Photovoltaics; Nanoscopic scale; Scalability; Photonics; Semiconductor; Energy conversion efficiency; Diffusion
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Controlling reaction pathways in solids is critical for scalable semiconductor fabrication, yet remains fundamentally challenging in solution‐processed systems due to constrained mass transport and diffusion‐limited conversion. In perovskite photovoltaics, the widely adopted sequential two‐step deposition method is particularly limited by dense PbI 2 precursor layers, which impede ion diffusion and lead to incomplete conversion and defect formation. Here we report a photonic strategy to spatially regulate solid‐state reaction pathways by engineering micro‐ and nanoscale channels within PbI 2 layers. Laser‐induced structures act as deterministic diffusion pathways, enabling controlled ion transport and spatially guided infiltration of organic salts, thereby transforming a diffusion‐limited process into a spatially coordinated reaction. Mechanistic investigations reveal that photonic structuring redistributes the local electronic environment and lowers the activation barrier for phase transformation, resulting in accelerated conversion, enhanced crystallinity, and reduced defect density. The resulting perovskite films exhibit improved carrier dynamics. Perovskite solar modules with an aperture area of 22.95 cm 2 achieve a record power conversion efficiency of 22.83%, retaining over 90% of their initial performance after 1,500 h under maximum power point tracking. This work establishes photonic control of reaction pathways as a general framework for controlled solid‐state transformations.
Cooperative Goniopolar and Anomalous Nernst Transverse Thermoelectricity in Kagome Magnets ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adma.74839
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-27 · S. e74839 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-28
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids
- Autoren:
- Honghui Wang — Chongqing University (CN); Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- Xiaolong Feng — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- H. Hu — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- Xuemin Shi — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- Ralf Koban — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- Walter Schnelle — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- Wenzhi Peng — University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Dazhi Hou — University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Jianjun Ying — University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Bin He — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- Yu Pan — Chongqing University (CN)
- Xiaoyuan Zhou — Chongqing University (CN)
- Claudia Felser — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- Topics: Topological Materials and Phenomena; Advanced Condensed Matter Physics; 2D Materials and Applications
- Keywords: Nernst effect; Berry connection and curvature; Nernst equation; Transverse plane; Thermoelectric effect; Seebeck coefficient; Magnet; Thermoelectric materials
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Transverse thermoelectrics (TEs), enabling interconversion between orthogonal heat and electric currents, offers unique advantages in device geometry and design flexibility. Yet, achieving large transverse TE signals at room temperature remains challenging. Here, we establish a cooperative framework in which the goniopolar effect and the anomalous Nernst effect jointly enhance the transverse TE response in kagome magnets. We demonstrate that kagome lattice‐derived electronic structures intrinsically yield axis‐dependent polar Seebeck coefficients arising from flat bands and van Hove singularities (VHSs), while broken time‐reversal symmetry induces topological band splitting that generates large net Berry curvature within the same energy window. Combining transport measurements, DFT calculations and real‐space thermal imaging, we demonstrate a room‐temperature record cooperative transverse TE signal of 15.6 µV/K in the kagome ferromagnet MgMn 6 Sn 6 among metallic systems. Our findings establish a cooperative framework linking the anomalous Nernst and goniopolar effects and provide a widely applicable design strategy for achieving large transverse TE response in kagome magnets.
Advanced Electronic Materials (AEM) — 4 neu
Backbone Engineering of Benzodifurandione‐Based n ‐Type OMIECs With Antiambipolar Behavior ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/aelm.70567
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-04 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-05
- DE-Institutionen: University of Bayreuth
- Autoren:
- Dilara Güntürkün — Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Dilara Meli — Northwestern University (US)
- Meike Kuhn — University of Bayreuth (DE)
- Eva M. Herzig — University of Bayreuth (DE)
- Jonathan Rivnay — Northwestern University (US)
- Christian B. Nielsen — Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Topics: Conducting polymers and applications; Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics; Covalent Organic Framework Applications
- Keywords: Transistor; Electrochemistry; Polymer; Aldol reaction; Electrical conductor; Voltage; Electrode; Conductive polymer
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (OMIECs) are key components for the next‐generation bioelectronics, albeit with n ‐type materials remaining significantly underrepresented compared to their p ‐type counterparts. Furthermore, reaching low operating voltages alongside high ambient and operational stability remains challenging when employing n ‐type OMIECs in organic electrochemical transistor (OECT)‐based applications. Herein, we report two novel n ‐type polymeric OMIECs, based on an azaisatin and benzodifurandione‐based backbone, incorporating either non‐fluorinated or fluorinated bithiophene donor units. The resulting polymers, obtained via Aldol polymerization, have high electron affinities of 4.5–4.7 eV. Both polymers function in n ‐type accumulation mode OECTs with indications of tunable antiambipolar behavior. The fluorinated polymer displays a low threshold voltage of 0.14 V, while the non‐fluorinated analogue offers excellent operational stability, with the OECT retaining 96% of its initial current after 1800 s of cycling.
Electron Transport in Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/aelm.70546
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-04 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-05
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- Autoren:
- Shuxin Li — Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology (CN); South China University of Technology (CN)
- Wenxin Lin — South China University of Technology (CN)
- Min Zheng — South China University of Technology (CN)
- Xiongfeng Lin — TCL (China) (CN)
- Yulin Guo — TCL (China) (CN)
- Longjia Wu — TCL (China) (CN)
- Quan Niu — South China University of Technology (CN)
- Paul W. M. Blom — Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (DE)
- Yuguang Ma — South China University of Technology (CN)
- Topics: Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties; Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices; GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials
- Keywords: Quantum dot; Electron transport chain; Trapping; Electron; Diode; Thin film; Charge (physics)
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Despite extensive research on quantum dot light‐emitting diodes, the underlying charge transport mechanisms remain poorly understood. Previously, we have demonstrated that the hole transport in quantum dot (QD) thin films is trap‐free and space‐charge‐limited. However, the electron transport mechanism remains unexplored. In this study, we systematically investigate the electron transport in red, green, and blue (RGB) core/multi‐shell QD thin films through the analysis of the current density‐voltage ( J–V ) measurements using single‐carrier devices. Our findings reveal that the electron transport in these QD thin films is significantly impeded by the presence of electron traps, which exhibit a Gaussian energy distribution within the bandgap. Notably, the electron trap distributions observed across different QD systems exhibit a high degree of similarity. Specifically, these traps have a concentration of ∼1 × 10 23 m −3 , with the trap center energy level positioned at approximately 4.0 eV below the vacuum level. Furthermore, the width of the energy distribution of the trapping sites is comparable to that of the QD transport sites. By correlating the surface‐to‐volume ratio with the number of traps, we propose that the traps are located at the core‐shell interface and arise from uncoordinated atoms. Therefore, increasing the core size can effectively suppress the trapping effect.
Amorphous, Highly Conductive Pr 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3 for Area‐Dependent Resistive Switching AlO x Bilayer Devices ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202500556
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · Vol. 12, Issue 17 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-05
- DE-Institutionen: Ernst Ruska Centre
- Autoren:
- M. Buczek — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Iliyas T. Dossayev — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Clemens Wittberg — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Yen‐Po Liu — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Kalle Goß — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- David N. Mueller — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Zoe Moos — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Zhenhao Liu — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Karsten Bittkau — Advanced Materials and Devices (United States) (US)
- Mohammad Hassan Sultani — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Stephan Menzel — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Susanne Hoffmann‐Eifert — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Regina Dittmann — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Topics: Advanced Memory and Neural Computing; Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials; Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices
- Keywords: Amorphous solid; Heterojunction; Quantum tunnelling; Bilayer; Crystallite; Neuromorphic engineering; Resistive random-access memory; Electrical conductor
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Memristive Pr 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3 (PCMO) heterostructures exhibit area‐dependent resistive switching via a valence change mechanism, making them promising for neuromorphic architectures. A major challenge in PCMO‐based memory is higher‐dimensional lattice defects that affect oxygen‐vacancy migration and concentration. This study mitigates these defects using highly conductive amorphous PCMO fabricated via a CMOS back‐end‐of‐line‐compatible process and compares it with low‐conductive amorphous and polycrystalline PCMO. The resistance differences are attributed to changes in electronic mobility, based on the analysis of short‐ and long‐range order, Mn–O hybridization, and Mn valence state. AlO x /qa‐PCMO devices showed the highest ON/OFF ratio compared to low‐conductive amorphous and polycrystalline PCMO, because the field‐accelerated oxygen vacancy movement switches the mechanism from Poole–Frenkel emission in the LRS to trap‐assisted tunneling in the HRS. The mechanism change was identified by systematically analyzing the I–V asymmetry, device band diagrams for different PCMO types, and shape changes in the I–V curve fits. The band diagrams were calculated from the measured bandgaps and work functions of the different PCMO types. Analysis of the electric field distribution in the devices showed a clear correlation between the pre‐switching field strength in AlO x and the resulting ON/OFF ratio.
Twisted MoS 2 Bilayers as Functional Elements in Memtransistors: Hysteresis, Optical Signatures, and Photocurrent Kinetics (Adv. Electron. Mater. 17/2026) ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/aelm.70577
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · Vol. 12, Issue 17 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-12
- DE-Institutionen: IMMS Institut für Mikroelektronik- und Mechatronik-Systeme gemeinnützige GmbH (IMMS GmbH)
- Autoren:
- Vladislav Kurtash — IMMS Institut für Mikroelektronik- und Mechatronik-Systeme gemeinnützige GmbH (IMMS GmbH) (DE)
- Ilya Eliseyev — Ioffe Institute (RU)
- Valery Davydov — Ioffe Institute (RU)
- Heiko O. Jacobs — IMMS Institut für Mikroelektronik- und Mechatronik-Systeme gemeinnützige GmbH (IMMS GmbH) (DE)
- Jörg Pezoldt — IMMS Institut für Mikroelektronik- und Mechatronik-Systeme gemeinnützige GmbH (IMMS GmbH) (DE)
- Topics: 2D Materials and Applications; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials; Organic and Molecular Conductors Research
- Keywords: Photocurrent; Kinetics; Photoconductivity; Work (physics); Bilayer
- Abstract: Rational Control of Hysteresis Twisted MoS2 stacking forms a moiré superlattice that reshapes the local charge landscape and strengthens transistor hysteresis compared with regular stacking. The enlarged memory window supports synapse-like, analog state retention in CVD memtransistors, offering an additional structural parameter to tune neuromorphic device behavior without changing materials or circuit complexity. See Research Article e00716 by Vladislav Kurtash and co-workers for more details.
Advanced Functional Materials (AFM) — 24 neu
Multiscale Symmetry Breaking Enables Tunable Magnetic Anisotropy and Damping in Co 2 FeAl Thin Films ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78474
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-17 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-17
- DE-Institutionen: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- Autoren:
- Sharanjeet Singh — UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research (IN)
- Anup Kumar Bera — Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IN); Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Sourav Chowdhury — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- Kousik Malai — Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IN); Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Abhishek Ghatge — Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IN); Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Md. Shahid Jamal — Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR); Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR); Normandie Université (FR); Université de Caen Normandie (FR)
- Arun Singh Dev — Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IN)
- Monika Saxena — UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research (IN)
- Manisha Priyadarsini — UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research (IN)
- P. D. Gupta — Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (IN)
- Mukul Gupta — UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research (IN)
- V. Raghavendra Reddy — UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research (IN)
- Mahesh K. Swami — Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (IN)
- Mukesh Ranjan — Institute for Plasma Research (IN)
- Sarathlal Koyiloth Vayalil — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- … und 3 weitere
- Topics: Magnetic properties of thin films; Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys; Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties
- Keywords: Thin film; Anisotropy; Dissipation; Isotropy; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetic field; Symmetry (geometry); Ripple
- Abstract: ABSTRACT The ability to simultaneously engineer magnetic stability and spin dissipation remains difficult to realize in scalable metallic thin films. Here, we show that multiscale symmetry breaking provides a route to achieve this control in polycrystalline Co 2 FeAl films without epitaxy, compositional complexity, or heavy‐metal incorporation. By combining nanoscale ripple templating, oblique‐angle deposition (OAD), and mechanical strain, we create a magnetic architecture composed of conformally tilted nanocolumns embedded within a strain‐biased energy landscape. This cooperative design generates a robust and tunable in‐plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (UMA), with the anisotropy field increasing from ≈20 Oe in the isotropic reference film to ≈250 Oe (∼1200%) in the OAD‐ripple template film and further to ≈360 Oe (1700%) under strain, while simultaneously driving a threefold enhancement of the effective damping. Correlative structural, spectroscopic, and magnetic measurements reveal physically distinct, dominant microscopic mechanisms driving UMA and damping: anisotropy is governed primarily by ripple‐directed shape anisotropy and magnetoelastic energy, whereas damping is enhanced by nanocolumnar structure and strain‐induced orbital‐moment unquenching leading to strengthened spin–orbit coupling. This work establishes nanoscale morphology and mechanical deformation as tunable design parameters for adaptive spintronics, flexible microwave technologies, and strain‐tunable magnonics.
Deciphering the Photopolymerization‐Induced Nanostructures and Interface Formation for Submicrometer Additive Manufacturing ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78494
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-17 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-18
- DE-Institutionen: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY; Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum; Technical University of Munich; Universität Hamburg
- Autoren:
- Shouzheng Chen — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE); Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (DE); Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Yufeng Zhai — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- Jungui Zhou — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- Lixing Li — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Simon Schraad — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE); Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Guangjiu Pan — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Xuehe Jiang — Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Sarathlal Koyiloth Vayalil — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE); University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (IN)
- Rolf A. T. M. van Benthem — Eindhoven University of Technology (NL)
- Julien R. G. Navarro — Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Johan F. G. A. Jansen — DSM (Netherlands) (NL)
- Mats Johansson — KTH Royal Institute of Technology (SE)
- Peter Müller‐Buschbaum — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Stephan V. Roth — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE); KTH Royal Institute of Technology (SE)
- Topics: Photopolymerization techniques and applications; Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies; Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques
- Keywords: Nanoscopic scale; Nanostructure; Bilayer; Substrate (aquarium); Ultraviolet; Scattering
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Ultraviolet (UV) light‐induced curing is widely used in additive manufacturing and coatings. However, the formation and heterogeneous distribution of nanostructures induced by UV‑curing remain unclear, especially in submicrometer films where nanoscale precision is critical. We employ a combination of UV‐curing and X‐ray scattering to gain access to the nanoscale kinetics during UV‐curing inside the resin films used for additive manufacturing. We show that the heterogeneous distribution stems from monomer‑rich and oligomer‑rich nanodomains in solvent‑based UV‑curable resins. We further reveal how these nanodomains interact with subsequently deposited resin to form nanoscale buried interfaces using grazing incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering. By introducing stressed‐state and relaxed‐state films based on substrate constraint, we explain the formation of buried frozen nanowrinkles in bilayer systems. Using relaxed‐state films, we identify non‑diffused, diffused, and semi‑diffused interlayer interfaces from oligomer‑rich domain interactions. This work systematically elucidates the formation mechanisms and types of interlayer nanostructures in UV‑curing based submicrometer additive manufacturing, paving the way for polymer‐based additive manufacturing with nanoscale precision resolution.
Genetically Programmed Shape‐Morphing of Engineered Living Materials ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78503
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-17 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-18
- DE-Institutionen: Leibniz-Institute for New Materials; Saarland University; University of Freiburg; University of Education Freiburg
- Autoren:
- Jan Becker — Leibniz-Institute for New Materials (DE); Saarland University (DE)
- Yuchen Liu — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Miguel Baños — Leibniz-Institute for New Materials (DE); Saarland University (DE)
- Rosanne Schmachtenberg — University of Freiburg (DE); Leibniz-Institute for New Materials (DE); University of Education Freiburg (DE)
- Mahmudul Hasan — Leibniz-Institute for New Materials (DE)
- Claudia Fink‐Straube — Leibniz-Institute for New Materials (DE)
- Luai R. Khoury — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Wilfried Weber — Leibniz-Institute for New Materials (DE); Saarland University (DE)
- Topics: Advanced Materials and Mechanics; Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications; Micro and Nano Robotics
- Keywords: Genetically engineered; Bilayer; Genetically modified organism; Coupling (piping); Synthetic biology; Polyethylene glycol; Self-healing hydrogels
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Engineered living materials (ELMs) promise genetically programmable functions by coupling biological regulation to synthetic material responses. Here, we introduce a strategy for genetically driven bidirectional shape‐morphing in a peptide‐crosslinked polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel whose network density is modulated by opposing genetically encoded enzyme pairs that induce crosslinking or hydrolysis. These molecular transformations switch the hydrogel between deswelling, swelling, or partial disintegration, producing two‐ to five‐fold changes in mechanical properties. By fabricating a bilayer hydrogel composed of a responsive layer and a passive counterlayer, these network‐level modulations are translated into directional actuation with bending angles exceeding 80° and shape recovery. We further show that genetically engineered bacteria and mammalian cells can function as programmable enzyme sources, thereby coupling genetic programs to hydrogel network remodeling and material deformation. Using opposing out‐of‐equilibrium biochemical reactions with dynamically changing relative reaction rates, we demonstrate hybrid‐enzymatic genetic control over bending and autonomous shape recovery in bilayer hydrogels. This work establishes a customizable framework for genetically directed mechanical actuation in ELMs, in which living cells regulate macroscopic shapes through programmed network remodeling. More broadly, it provides proof‐of‐concept for genetically programmed shape‐morphing of ELMs and opens opportunities for future biohybrid actuators, adaptive material systems, and dynamic biomedical interfaces.
Ferroelectric Thin‑Film Polarization‑Sensitive Photodetector Based on the Plasmon‑Enhanced Bulk Photovoltaic Effect ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78514
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-16 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-16
- DE-Institutionen: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
- Autoren:
- Wenqing Sun — Shandong University (CN)
- Zhuoqun Wang — Shandong University (CN)
- Qingtao Fang — Shandong University (CN)
- Ulrich Kentsch — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- 庞立龙 — Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN); Institute of Modern Physics (CN)
- Yuechen Jia — Shandong University (CN)
- Zaixing Yang — Shandong University (CN)
- Shengqiang Zhou — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Xiaoli Sun — Shandong University (CN)
- Feng Chen — Shandong University (CN)
- Topics: Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Keywords: Photodetector; Photodetection; Polarization (electrochemistry); Photovoltaic system; Broadband; Detector; Ferroelectricity; Fabrication
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Polarization‑sensitive photodetection is critical for advanced imaging, optical communication, and medical diagnosis technologies. Although detectors based on low‐symmetry metasurfaces or two‐dimensional materials have been widely investigated, they generally suffer from a low polarization ratio, narrow response bandwidth, stringent fabrication precision, and poor ambient stability. Here, we demonstrate a plasmon‐enhanced ferroelectric thin‐film photodetector capable of broadband detection from 260 to 1900 nm. Notably, the device exhibits excellent polarization sensitivity across the visible to near‐infrared band (380–980 nm), achieving an ultrahigh polarization ratio of 641. The polarization ratio can be dynamically tuned from positive unipolar operation to negative bipolar operation via external bias modulation, enabling the realization of six complete optoelectronic logic gates (AND, OR, NAND, NOR, NOT, and XOR) on a single device. It also delivers robust long‐term stability with negligible performance degradation after six months of ambient storage. Leveraging these programmable logic functions, we further demonstrate a proof‐of‐concept framework for data transmission and encryption imaging, whose security performance is systematically verified using a convolutional neural network. This work demonstrates the tremendous potential of the photovoltaic effect in polarization detection, and also provides new ideas for balancing information transmission, security, and sharing functions within a single architecture.
Pressure‐Assisted Dimensional Transformation of 2D Hydrogenated Borophene into 0D Boron Quantum Dots ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78031
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-12 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-13
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids
- Autoren:
- Ozden Gunes Yildiz — Koç University (TR)
- Ramin Yazdaanpanah — Northwestern University (US)
- Yongfeng Guo — University of California System (US); University of California San Diego (US)
- Pouriya Naziri — Koç University (TR)
- Sachin Kulkarni — Northwestern University (US)
- Martina Mercurio — Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Maria Cristina Larciprete — Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Ilaria Fratoddi — Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Paul Simon — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE)
- Wan‐Lu Li — University of California System (US); University of California San Diego (US)
- Koray Aydın — Northwestern University (US)
- Umut Aydemir — Koç University (TR)
- Topics: Boron and Carbon Nanomaterials Research; Graphene research and applications; Thermal properties of materials
- Keywords: Borophene; Boron; Quantum dot; Monolayer; Photoluminescence; Vacancy defect; Cleavage (geology); Nanostructure
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Borophene is a monoelemental two‐dimensional (2D) material whose electron‐deficient bonding renders free‐standing monolayers intrinsically unstable, raising the question of how borophene can be converted into stable boron nanostructures. Borophene's structural stability and electronic properties are strongly influenced by vacancy configurations and defect engineering, while hydrogenation offers an additional pathway for stabilization and property tuning. Here, we introduce a solvent‐free solid‐state route that transforms hydrogenated borophene (HB) into either B 2 O 3 nanoplatelets or boron quantum dots (BQDs) via thermal dehydrogenation. Cleavage of B─H bonds releases hydrogen gas, whose escape under flowing N 2 facilitates structural reconstruction and leads to the formation of B 2 O 3 nanoplatelets. In sealed conditions, hydrogen accumulation generates internal pressure that drives fragmentation of the boron framework into BQDs. The resulting materials exhibit distinct photoluminescence (PL) behavior that correlates with their structural evolution, in agreement with first‐principles calculations of band‐gap changes. This work establishes solvent‐free, pressure‐assisted dimensional engineering of boron nanostructures and provides a new strategy for controlling the structural and optoelectronic properties of boron‐based materials.
Decoupling the Size and Loading Effects in Silver Nanoparticles for Efficient Paired Carbon Dioxide and Formaldehyde Electrolysis ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78365
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-12 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-13
- DE-Institutionen: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie; Technische Universität Berlin; Freie Universität Berlin; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg
- Autoren:
- Venkata S.R.K. Tandava — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Clara Große — Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- Debabrata Bagchi — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Zhenye Zhu — Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
- Suptish Ghosh — Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- J. Niklas Hausmann — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Carsten Walter — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Rosario Suarez Anzorena — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Catalina Jiménez — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Yazmín Lucero Cobos‐Becerra — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- J.C.Q. Fletcher — University of Cape Town (ZA)
- Tobias Sontheimer — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Michael Schwarze — Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- Holger Dau — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Matthias Drieß — Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- … und 2 weitere
- Topics: CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts; Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion; Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
- Keywords: Faraday efficiency; Formate; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Bifunctional; Bimetallic strip; Nanoparticle; Formaldehyde; Cathode
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Successful integration of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) towards highly selective electrochemical CO 2 reduction to carbon monoxide (CO) is often hindered by size‐dependent selectivity trade‐offs in Ag NPs and by inefficient full‐cell operation. Here, we systematically investigate ligand‐mediated colloidal synthesis of (quasi) monodisperse Ag NPs (6–15 nm) and evaluate them in a gas‐diffusion‐electrode‐based flow‐cell architecture, revealing a pronounced size‐dependent activity volcano. By incorporating a non‐catalytic carbon support, we demonstrate that an optimized Ag‐to‐carbon (Ag/C) loading, specifically 20% with 10 nm Ag NPs, achieves nearly 100% Faradaic Efficiency (FE) for CO at −100 mA·cm −2 , significantly outperforming other particle sizes and a commercial Ag catalyst at similar loadings. In situ Raman spectroscopy reveals a substantial role of Ag/C interactions in enhancing the affinity toward the * COOH intermediates, thereby promoting high CO 2 ‐to‐CO selectivity. Post‐electrolysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further indicates the electronic and chemical structural stability of the optimized Ag/C, which retains the metallic Ag 0 state. Finally, we demonstrate the bifunctional nature of Ag/C electrodes by pairing CO 2 and formaldehyde electrolysis, enabling simultaneous CO generation at the cathode and formate (HCOO − ) with hydrogen (H 2 ) at the anode at reduced cell potentials. This work highlights an energy‐efficient paired electrosynthesis strategy supporting the progress toward a circular carbon economy.
Photo‐Degradable Polyester Networks and Multi‐Photon Printed Objects Based on Cyclic Ketene Acetals ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78296
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-10 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-11
- DE-Institutionen: Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research; Technische Universität Dresden; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Till Meißner — Queensland University of Technology (AU); Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Julian Fanelli — Queensland University of Technology (AU)
- Vinh X. Truong — Agency for Science, Technology and Research (SG); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SG)
- Robert Jones — Queensland University of Technology (AU)
- Jens Gaitzsch — Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Christopher Barner‐Kowollik — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE); Queensland University of Technology (AU); Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany) (DE)
- Topics: Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies; Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry; Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Keywords: Polyester; Polymer; Cycloaddition; Ketene; Polymerization; Irradiation; Photodissociation
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Radical ring‐opening polymerization (RROP) of cyclic ketene acetals (CKAs) constitutes a powerful avenue to biodegradable polyesters via radical polymerization. CKA‐based degradable polymers have been established mainly as linear polymers, while networks from CKA‐based RROP remain scarce despite their potential as degradable materials. Herein, a photoreversible RROP‐polyester network based on poly(2‐methylene‐1,3,6‐trioxocane) (PMTC) is introduced. Photoreversibility is achieved by decorating the PMTC chains with pendant pyrene chalcone (PyChal) moieties. Photoinduced [2+2] cycloaddition ( λ max = 440 nm) of the PyChal moieties affords covalent cross‐links, while irradiation at λ max = 345 nm allows for network reversion as underpinned by an in‐depth solution assessment of the photochemistry. The reversible nature of the photochemistry enables repeatable gel‐sol transitions as shown by variations in their storage and loss modulus (resulting in G ’ changes of up to 9 kPa). Importantly, the photoreactive CKA‐based polymer can be employed in light‐driven multi‐photon printing (MPP) without the need for any initiators, allowing the fabrication of pre‐determined spatially confined architectures as evidenced by ToF‐SIMS. The MPP structures can be degraded by expore to UV irradiation and alkaline conditions. We thus establish a degradable PCKA‐based resist with reversible photochemistry for modular soft matter manufacturing.
Phase‐Switchable 2D Single‐Crystalline Perovskite With Low‐Temperature Out‐of‐Plane Rashba Splitting and Room‐Temperature Out‐of‐Plane Ferroelectricity for Electrically Reconfigurable Spin‐Photonics ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78216
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-07 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-08
- DE-Institutionen: University of Tübingen
- Autoren:
- Siman Liu — Hunan University (CN)
- Panfeng Cao — Hunan University (CN)
- Zhouxiaosong Zeng — Hunan University (CN)
- Zhiming Luo — Hunan University (CN)
- Ying Jiang — Hunan University (CN)
- Zhuoer Cai — Southeast University (CN)
- Yihan Liao — Hunan University (CN)
- Xiulian Fan — Central South University (CN)
- Yufan Wang — Hunan University (CN)
- Zhiqiang Ming — Hunan University (CN)
- Ruiping Liu — Hunan University (CN)
- Mario Martin — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Xie Sheng-Yi — Hunan University (CN)
- Yu Zhou — Central South University (CN)
- Mengqiu Cai — Hunan University (CN)
- … und 2 weitere
- Topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications; 2D Materials and Applications; Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Keywords: Spintronics; Ferroelectricity; Rashba effect; Perovskite (structure); Electric field; Polarization (electrochemistry); Coupling (piping); Polar
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Two‐dimensional organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites (2D OIHPs), with their unique soft lattice and versatile polarization tunability, offer an exceptional platform for exploring Rashba spin‐orbit coupling (SOC). While in‐plane Rashba SOC and ferroelectricity have been extensively studied, the out‐of‐plane Rashba SOC combined with out‐of‐plane ferroelectricity is more desirable for realizing low‐power, multifunctional, non‐volatile spintronic devices. Here, we synthesize single‐crystalline, phase‐switchable polar 2D OIHPs within a PDMS‐based sealed space and reveal the transition process between the two polar structures. The complex polar structure enables the sequential emergence of out‐of‐plane Rashba spin polarization and out‐of‐plane ferroelectric order. By manipulating the anomalous Rashba splitting with electric and magnetic fields in the LT phase, we directly reveal the dominant role of momentum offset in Rashba exciton recombination. Furthermore, we develop a self‐powered photodetector exhibiting chiral‐light selectivity and achieve reversible electrical control over the electron spin texture orientation in the RT phase. These findings establish a new material paradigm for electrically tunable spin‐photonics and low‐power spintronic devices.
Upcycling Keratin‐Based Textile Waste Into High‐Performance Hybrid Fibers Via Tuning the Interfacial Interactions ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78199
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-07 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-08
- DE-Institutionen: Stadtwerke Straubing (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Mian Zhai — Aalto University (FI)
- Daniel Van Opdenbosch — Stadtwerke Straubing (Germany) (DE)
- Inge Schlapp‐Hackl — Aalto University (FI)
- Teemu Välisalmi — Aalto University (FI)
- Markus B. Linder — Aalto University (FI)
- Michael Hummel — Aalto University (FI)
- Wenwen Fang — Stadtwerke Straubing (Germany) (DE); Aalto University (FI)
- Topics: Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers; Advanced Cellulose Research Studies; Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Keywords: Textile; Ultimate tensile strength; Spinning; Cellulose; Tenacity (mineralogy); Fiber; Keratin; Raw material
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Keratin‐based textile waste represents an underutilized protein‐rich feedstock, but its conversion into regenerated fibers remains challenging because of its low mechanical strength, poor spinnability, and limited compatibility with other biopolymers. In this work, we applied dry‐jet wet spinning to produce cellulose/keratin hybrid fibers using keratin extracted from textile waste. During extraction, keratin was separated into two fractions, and their chemical composition, secondary structure, and molecular weight were thoroughly analyzed to understand their differences in fiber formation. Hybrid fiber with a cellulose/keratin ratio of 70/30 was continuously produced from the high‐molecular weight keratin fraction using multi‐filament spinning, achieving a linear density of 1.2 dtex (corresponding diameter of 11 µm) and tenacity of 35–40 cN/tex (corresponding tensile strength of ca. 480–560 MPa). More interestingly, the fibers retain their mechanical strength in a wet state, which is rarely achieved for polysaccharide and protein‐based fibers. Additionally, the hybrid fibers exhibit higher hydrophobicity and lower fibrillation tendency compared to pure cellulose fibers. This remarkable approach demonstrates a dual advantage by valorizing keratin waste into valuable resources while simultaneously enabling the tailored tuning of cellulose fiber properties.
ATP‐Mediated Bidirectional Communication Between Natural and Artificial Cells for Controlled Bioreactions ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78128
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-04 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-05
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- Autoren:
- Ilona Kalte — Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (DE)
- Tsvetomir Ivanov — Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (DE)
- Leonhard Seufert — Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (DE)
- Shoupeng Cao — Ingenierie des Materiaux polymeres (FR)
- Lucas Caire da Silva — Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (DE); McGill University (CA)
- Volker Mailänder — Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE); University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE); Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (DE)
- Katharina Landfester — Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (DE)
- Topics: Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry; Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials; Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications
- Keywords: Artificial cell; Polymersome; Synthetic biology; Luciferase; Transduction (biophysics); Signal transduction; Intracellular; Mechanism (biology)
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Communication between living and artificial cells represents a fundamental step toward constructing hybrid systems capable of cooperative behaviors. Here, we introduce an ATP‐mediated energy transduction mechanism that enables bidirectional communication between natural dendritic cells and stimuli‐responsive polymersome artificial cells. The polymersomes were equipped with a photo‐switchable spiropyran derivative, which provides light‐gated control of membrane permeability. Upon UV irradiation, the membrane transiently increases permeability, allowing ATP transport across the boundary. This enables signal transduction from natural cells to artificial ones, demonstrated by ATP uptake triggering internal coacervation and the ATP‐dependent firefly luciferase reaction inside polymersomes. Conversely, artificial cells containing ATP or the pyruvate kinase enzyme release ATP to surrounding dendritic cells, resulting in increased intracellular calcium levels. The system thus establishes a reciprocal molecular dialogue via energy uptake and signal generation from natural to artificial cells, and metabolic stimulation from artificial to natural cells. This study provides a robust platform for dynamic cell‐material interaction and controlled biochemical communication, advancing artificial and living cell integration toward engineered signaling interfaces and programmable bio‐hybrid systems.
Load Distributing Metamaterials Via Discrete Optimization ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77938
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-04 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-05
- DE-Institutionen: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- Autoren:
- Andrea Lorenzo Henri Sergio Detry — University of Milan (IT)
- Hannes Holey — University of Milan (IT)
- Raja Zulkarnain — University of Milan (IT)
- Roberto Guerra — University of Milan (IT)
- Ilaria Papa — Federico II University Hospital (IT); University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Michael Zaiser — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Stefano Zapperi — University of Milan (IT); Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy (IT)
- Topics: Cellular and Composite Structures; Topology Optimization in Engineering; Composite Material Mechanics
- Keywords: Metamaterial; Compliant mechanism; Homogenization (climate); Stiffness; Topology optimization; Quasistatic loading; Timoshenko beam theory; Monte Carlo method
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Mechanical metamaterials promise unprecedented control over load transfer by tailoring mesoscale architecture, yet most design strategies optimize global stiffness or energy absorption and only indirectly affect force redistribution. Here we introduce a computational–experimental framework to explicitly design load‐distributing metamaterials by minimizing the variance of reaction forces transmitted to a support interface. Starting from a 3D face‐centered cubic (FCC) beam lattice, we model deformation using a linear‐elastic Timoshenko beam formulation and perform discrete topology optimization via Monte Carlo simulated annealing, where individual struts are selectively activated or removed. We demonstrate both single‐objective optimization for a prescribed indenter position and a multi‐objective formulation that enforces robust performance across multiple loading locations. Simulations show that optimized architectures transform highly localized support reactions into substantially more homogeneous force footprints, reducing the fraction of nearly unloaded nodes and capping peak forces. Stereolithography‐printed elastomeric lattices validate these predictions: quasi‐static pressure mapping reveals suppressed force hotspots and enlarged contact areas, while instrumented impact tests show earlier, more spatially distributed deformation and markedly improved repeatability–especially for off‐center loading in multi‐objective designs. This work establishes load homogenization as a primary, quantifiable design target for architected materials, enabling protective interfaces and supports with tunable and robust force‐spreading behavior.
High‐Efficiency Deep Blue Single‐Gaussian Europium(II) Emitters and Their Emitter‐Host Interactions ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78099
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-03 · OpenAlex seit 2026-04-12
- DE-Institutionen: AXO Dresden (Germany); Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials; Technische Universität Dresden
- Autoren:
- Mahmoud Soleimani — AXO Dresden (Germany) (DE); Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Paulius Imbrasas — AXO Dresden (Germany) (DE)
- Jan‐Michael Mewes — AXO Dresden (Germany) (DE)
- Felix Kaden — AXO Dresden (Germany) (DE)
- Stephanie Buchholtz — Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Karl Leo — Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Sebastian Schellhammer — Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Carsten Rothe — AXO Dresden (Germany) (DE)
- Sebastian Reineke — Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Topics: Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research; Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes; Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Keywords: OLED; Electroluminescence; Europium; Common emitter; Photoluminescence; Thermal stability; Quantum efficiency; Steric effects
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Eu(II) complexes are attractive emitters for deep‐blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to their narrow, parity‐allowed 4 f –5 d emission; however, their implementation in vacuum‐processed OLEDs has remained limited. Here, we introduce a new molecular design concept for Eu(II) emitters, in which crown‐ether ligands are combined with carborate anions to define the coordination environment and improve steric shielding of the europium center. Based on this design, we present two emitters that combine narrow deep‐blue photoluminescence with quantum yields approaching 90% and sufficient thermal stability for vacuum deposition. As the excited‐state dynamics of this emitter class are different from most conventional OLED emitters and the pathway to maximum luminescence efficiency in thin films is not fully established, we study interactions between Eu(II) complexes and the host environment, based on density functional theory and time‐resolved experiments. We identify steric shielding of the Eu(II) core and energetic confinement of the excited 5 d electron, defined by molecular design as key factors governing efficient luminescence, providing a roadmap for rational design of Eu(II) emitters. Together, these results establish a basis for higher‐efficiency and deeper‐blue OLEDs incorporating Eu(II) emitters.
Advancing SafeWax, A Bio‐Inspired Superhydrophobic Coating, Toward Sustainable and Climate‐Resilient Crop Protection ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77980
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-02 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: BASF (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Niv Ben‐Arie — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Iryna Polishchuk — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Franziska Tauber — BASF (Germany) (DE)
- Coralie S. Schneider — BASF (Germany) (DE)
- Elena Prudnikov — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Alessia Calora — Centro Ceramico Bologna (IT); University of Bologna (IT)
- Silvia Milita — Institute of Nanostructured Materials (IT)
- Simona Fermani — Centro Ceramico Bologna (IT); University of Bologna (IT)
- Mireia Alejandra Ibanez Revert — University of Bologna (IT)
- Ilaria Filippetti — University of Bologna (IT)
- Claudio Ratti — University of Bologna (IT)
- Matthias Kellermeier — BASF (Germany) (DE)
- Markus Rueckel — BASF (Germany) (DE)
- Boaz Pokroy — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Topics: Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity; Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements; Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
- Keywords: Coating; Crystallization; Durability; Wetting; Abiotic component; Contact angle; Moisture; Hazardous waste
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Climate change, drought, regulatory constraints, and the growing demand to minimize hazardous chemical pesticides necessitate sustainable crop protection technologies against biotic and abiotic stresses. We present the reformulation and environmental durability assessment of SafeWax, a bio‐inspired, biodegradable superhydrophobic (SH) coating based on fatty acids (FA). By evaluating agriculturally compliant solvents, we demonstrate that their volatility governs crystallization pathways, dictating hierarchical surface morphology and wetting performance of spray‐deposited coatings. Synchrotron X‐ray scattering reveals solvent‐dependent polymorphism and preferred crystallographic orientation, linking molecular packing to macroscopic surface functionality. Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) emerged as the optimal solvent, offering agricultural compatibility and continuous spray deposition, while achieving exceptional superhydrophobicity with a contact angle (CA) of ∼165°and low hysteresis. Furthermore, the optimized coating maintains structural and functional stability under prolonged exposure to UV‐C radiation and field‐relevant temperature variations. Testing under humid conditions reveals strong condensation suppression and efficient water collection on leaves, thereby reducing surface moisture and potential fungal infection. Additionally, the coating provides passive thermal regulation through enhanced near‐infrared (NIR) reflectivity, reducing leaf temperatures under direct sunlight. These results link solvent‐controlled crystallization and crystallographic organization to functional performance, positioning SafeWax for environmentally compliant crop protection technology. Integrating sustainable materials design, solvent engineering, and environmental validation defines a pathway toward multifunctional, non‐toxic coatings that passively mitigate climate‐driven stress.
Self‐Assembled Hybrid Cell‐Enzyme Materials for Gas‐Powered Biocatalysis ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78174
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-02 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Autoren:
- Christof M. Niemeyer — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Kersten S. Rabe — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Christof M. Niemeyer — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Topics: Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization; Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials; Microbial metabolism and enzyme function
- Keywords: Formate; Catalysis; Biocatalysis; Modular design; Formate dehydrogenase; Redox; Energy transformation; Biocompatible material
- Abstract: ABSTRACT The integration of biological energy conversion into functional materials represents a key challenge in the development of advanced catalytic systems. Here, we introduce self‐assembled cell‐enzyme hybrid materials that integrate cellular metabolism with programmable enzyme networks for gas‐powered biocatalysis. By harnessing the native formate hydrogenlyase machinery of Escherichia coli , H 2 and CO 2 are converted into formate, which serves as a transient electron carrier for enzymatic NADH regeneration by a highly stable formate dehydrogenase. Integration of a transhydrogenase further provides access to NADPH‐dependent pathways, establishing a modular redox platform that can be coupled to diverse downstream biocatalysts. The catalytic system is translated into ready‐to‐use material formats through cryogenic fabrication of lyophilized carrier‐free hybrid beads and their subsequent encapsulation into alginate composites, enabling simple “count‐and‐add” operation, catalyst recycling, and robust performance under challenging reaction conditions. By exploiting H 2 as the reducing substrate while recycling CO 2 within the formate‐mediated regeneration cycle, the system avoids sacrificial organic reduction equivalents and associated by‐products, resulting in high atom economy. The integration of metabolic energy conversion, programmable self‐assembly, and materials engineering thus provides a general strategy for gas‐powered redox biocatalysis.
Potential‐Triggered Multifunctional Additive for Ultrafast‐Charging High‐Voltage LiCoO 2 Batteries ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78026
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-02 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-03
- DE-Institutionen: Smart Material (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Erlei Zhang — Harbin Institute of Technology (CN); Smart Material (Germany) (DE)
- Huijie Tian — Harbin Institute of Technology (CN); Smart Material (Germany) (DE)
- Jialin Wang — Harbin Institute of Technology (CN); Smart Material (Germany) (DE)
- Qing Li — Northeastern University (CN)
- Hao Wu — Harbin Institute of Technology (CN); Smart Material (Germany) (DE)
- Jiawen Chen — Harbin Institute of Technology (CN); Smart Material (Germany) (DE)
- Wanbao Wu — Smart Material (Germany) (DE); Changzhou University (CN)
- Zhenye Zhu — Harbin Institute of Technology (CN); Smart Material (Germany) (DE)
- Jiaheng Zhang — Harbin Institute of Technology (CN); Smart Material (Germany) (DE)
- Topics: Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies; Advancements in Battery Materials; Advanced battery technologies research
- Keywords: Electrochemistry; Oxide; Energy density; Electrode; Degradation (telecommunications); Capacitor; Battery (electricity)
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) is widely used for its high volumetric energy density (>700 Wh L −1 ), yet structural degradation at high voltages hampers further energy‐density gains. This paper demonstrates that low highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) level additives can also effectively regulate high‐voltage interface reaction behavior, thereby establishing a new cognitive framework for high‐voltage additive design. Accordingly, multifunctional additive methanesulfonylacetonitrile (MSAN) is introduced for high‐voltage batteries. Once the potential reaches a threshold, MSAN participates in the interfacial reaction in a controlled manner, thereby forming electrode/electrolyte interfaces that combine robustness with fast reaction dynamics. Additionally, MSAN can also further ensure interface stability by capturing and clearing HF. Therefore, Li‐LCO cells with MSAN exhibited a 50C charge–discharge capability, and after 1000 cycles under a 5C discharge condition, it still maintains a capacity retention of 94.3%. MSAN delivers excellent electrochemical performance in both 1.2 Ah Gr‐LCO and high‐energy‐density 3 Ah Li‐LCO pouch cells (457 Wh kg −1 ). These findings provide transformative insights for the design of high‐voltage battery additives.
Electrochemical Pathways for Nitrate Conversion to Ammonia: From Environmental Challenges to Ammonia Economy ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77930
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Technische Universität Berlin
- Autoren:
- Xintong Li — City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Yunpeng Zuo — City University of Hong Kong (HK); Zhengzhou University (CN)
- Xiaoran Zhang — City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Jieqiong Shan — City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Kenneth Mei Yee Leung — City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Bin Liu — City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Peter Strasser — Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- Adrian Fisher — University of Cambridge (GB); Bridge University (SS)
- Zonglong Zhu — City University of Hong Kong (HK); City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute (CN)
- Xin Wang — City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Topics: Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction; Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal; Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
- Keywords: Nitrate; Pollutant; Ammonia; Ammonia production; Electrochemistry; Catalysis
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Nitrate pollutants in water systems pose significant health risks and contribute to eutrophication. The electrochemical nitrate reduction reactions (eNO 3 RR) is a promising approach to address nitrate pollutants while generating wealth‐adding products. In this review, we explore the potential for applying eNO 3 RRs to reduce nitrate levels in real wastewater. First, we identify the importance of reducing nitrate concentrations in water. Next, we discuss the advances of electrocatalysts for eNO 3 RR based on the reaction mechanisms, highlighting the adoption of various catalytic systems in low‐concentration wastewaters, providing new insights for applying eNO 3 RR in real pollutant systems. We also discuss the key challenges and technologies related to the development of scaling up eNO 3 RR devices and ammonia collection materials. Finally, we outline future research perspectives essential for realizing sustainable, high‐performance, and cost‐effective electrochemical nitrate removal and the generation of wealth‐adding products. This review provides insights into catalyst design for nitrate reduction and strategies for converting nitrate pollutants to wealth‐adding products.
Natural Light Emission via Quantized Anderson Localized States in 2D Amorphous Semiconductor Heterojunctions ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78056
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Fresenius Medical Care (Germany); Quantum Design (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Yanhao Song — Henan University of Engineering (CN)
- Wenqi Xiong — Henan Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Chongze Wang — Henan Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Yangyang Guo — Henan Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Liying Zhang — Henan University of Engineering (CN)
- Rui Zhu — Henan University of Engineering (CN)
- Liangliang Liu — Henan University of Engineering (CN)
- Xue Li — Henan University of Engineering (CN)
- Xiaowei Huang — Henan University of Engineering (CN)
- Peng Lv — Henan University of Engineering (CN)
- Jun‐Hyung Cho — Fresenius Medical Care (Germany) (DE)
- Chang Liu — Fresenius Medical Care (Germany) (DE)
- Zhenyu Zhang — Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale (CN); Quantum Design (Germany) (DE)
- Yu Jia — Zhengzhou University (CN); Henan University of Engineering (CN); Fresenius Medical Care (Germany) (DE)
- Topics: Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence; Ga2O3 and related materials; 2D Materials and Applications
- Keywords: Heterojunction; Amorphous solid; Semiconductor; Amorphous semiconductors; Quantum dot; Light-emitting diode; Diode; Light emission
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Nowadays, the full‐spectrum artificial lighting technology that approaches the solar spectrum has become an important issue in the field of lighting. Yet, to date, the development of full‐spectrum white‐light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) remains hindered by the fixed band gaps of conventional semiconductors and the synthetic challenges of certain specific‐color phosphors, resulting in poor spectral tenability and far deviation from the solar spectrum. Herein, based on first‐principles calculations, we propose a new conceptual scheme to potentially achieve full‐spectrum white light emission via two‐dimensional (2D) amorphous heterojunction (a‐SiC/a‐MoS 2 ), which intrinsically emits broadband white light closely matching the D65 standard source. We further reveal that the underlying mechanism of full‐spectrum emission stems from two aspects: firstly, the quantum confinement effects in 2D amorphous heterojunctions lead to the formation of a series of discrete and strongly localized Anderson tail states in their bandgaps; secondly, the disordered structure breaks the orbital symmetry, which fully enables transitions of these states that maybe forbidden in crystalline counterparts. Thus, the combined effect of the two not only allows for sufficient transition energy levels, but also modulates the spectral distribution. Our work opens a new approach for full‐spectrum artificial lighting, with promising implications for the advancement of high‐quality lighting.
Comparative Performance and Partial Load Cycling of Sodium‐Metal Chloride Battery Modules With Mixed‐Metal Fe,Zn and Ni,Fe Cells ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.78062
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-31 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-01
- DE-Institutionen: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
- Autoren:
- Enea Svaluto‐Ferro — Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (CH)
- William Nash — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Robert Zboray — University of Bern (CH); Bern University of Applied Sciences (CH); Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (CH)
- Fabrizio Vagliani — Saab (Switzerland) (CH)
- Diego Basso — Saab (Switzerland) (CH)
- Alberto Turconi — Saab (Switzerland) (CH)
- Andrea Pozzi — Saab (Switzerland) (CH)
- Corsin Battaglia — ETH Zurich (CH); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH); Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (CH)
- Norbert Weber — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Tom Weier — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Meike V. F. Heinz — Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (CH)
- Topics: Thermal Expansion and Ionic Conductivity; Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes; Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds
- Keywords: Overcharge; Cathode; Battery (electricity); Electrode; Energy storage; Cycling
- Abstract: ABSTRACT We present dynamic partial‐load cycling data for high‐temperature sodium–metal chloride battery modules employing nickel‐free cathodes based on iron and zink. The cathodes in these Ni‐free Na‐(Fe,Zn)Cl 2 cells achieve 39% metal utilization and a theoretical energy density of 129 Wh kg −1 at cell level, corresponding to 372 Wh kg −1 at electrode level. Ten‐cell modules incorporating this cathode were assembled and operated under realistic load conditions at 300°C. Dedicated characterization cycles enabled direct comparison with state‐of‐the‐art Ni,Fe cathodes (30% metal utilization, 145 Wh kg −1 at cell level, 398 Wh kg −1 at electrode level). Although the Na‐(Fe,Zn)Cl 2 modules exhibited lower peak power and current capability, they demonstrated competitive energy efficiency and stable cycling performance. Long‐term cycling was performed under dynamic partial‐load profiles simulating photovoltaic charging and household consumption. The protocol integrated a controlled cool‐down phase and intentional overcharge cycles to evaluate safety under failure conditions. Reliable operation was demonstrated for approximately four months, delivering an average discharge capacity of 17 Ah per cell over 87 cycles at charging rates of C/4–C/6 and discharging rates of C/6. These results confirm the viability of Ni‐free cathodes for high‐temperature Na‐metal chloride batteries, offering improved sustainability with acceptable rate‐performance trade‐offs for large‐scale stationary energy storage applications.
High‐Speed Photoresponse of CVD‐Grown Lateral TMD Heterostructures ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77924
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-30 · OpenAlex seit 2026-07-18
- DE-Institutionen: University of Tübingen; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
- Autoren:
- Mario Martin — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Axel Printschler — Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- William Roberts — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Jonas Hiller — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Patrick Michel — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Martin Eberle — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Marco Hammer — Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research (DE); University of Tübingen (DE)
- Md Tarik Hossain — Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Andrey Turchanin — Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Marcus Scheele — University of Tübingen (DE)
- Topics: 2D Materials and Applications; Ga2O3 and related materials; Thin-Film Transistor Technologies
- Keywords: Heterojunction; Photodetector; Chemical vapor deposition; Monolayer; Fabrication
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Although chemical vapor deposition (CVD) enables wafer‐scale fabrication of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) photodetectors, CVD‐grown devices are often limited by high defect densities and are generally considered significantly slower than devices based on exfoliated materials. Here, we demonstrate that the extrinsic response time of CVD‐grown TMD photodetectors can be substantially reduced by built‐in electric fields arising from p‐n junctions but also asymmetric Schottky barriers in monolayer lateral heterostructures. In particular, the heterostructure devices exhibit response times improved by 1.5‐2 orders of magnitude compared to devices based on a single TMD material. With that, our fastest devices achieve bandwidths exceeding 230 MHz, corresponding to fall times on the order of 1 ns.
Vector‐Field Control and Emergent Basal‐Plane Anisotropy of Magnetic Textures in Noncentrosymmetric (Fe 0.63 Ni 0.3 Pd 0.07 ) 3 P ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77809
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-27 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-28
- DE-Institutionen: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie; Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum; Technical University of Munich; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids; Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden; Technische Universität Dresden; Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy
- Autoren:
- Victor Ukleev — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Oleg I. Utesov — Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KR); Institute for Basic Science (KR)
- Lorenzo Ubilla — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Chen Luo — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Radu-Marius Abrudan — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- P.C. Wild — Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (DE); Technical University of Munich (DE)
- H. Kropf — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- M. Winter — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (DE); Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Sebastian Schneider — Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Alexander Tahn — Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Bernd Rellinghaus — Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (DE); Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Tim A. Butcher — Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (DE)
- Simone Finizio — Paul Scherrer Institute (CH)
- Sebastian Wintz — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Markus Weigand — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- … und 5 weitere
- Topics: Magnetic properties of thin films; Magnetic Properties of Alloys; Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys
- Keywords: Anisotropy; Magnetocrystalline anisotropy; Isotropy; Orientation (vector space); Magnetic anisotropy; Spin (aerodynamics); Magnetic field; Spins
- Abstract: ABSTRACT ( is a room‐temperature magnet with symmetry that hosts a rich variety of topological spin textures. Here, we report a combined resonant small‐angle x‐ray scattering and ptychography study of ( in vector magnetic fields over a broad temperature range. We demonstrate deterministic vector‐field control of magnetic stripe domains, where in‐plane fields continuously rotate their orientation via a transition from a chiral stripe to an achiral fan configuration. Furthermore, at 50 K and below, the stripe orientation becomes metastably pinned and retains its field‐trained direction. While the magnitude of the wavevector is nearly isotropic within the basal plane at room temperature, a pronounced temperature evolution of anisotropic interactions emerges upon cooling. In particular, non‐trivial anisotropy axes develop at 20–50 K reflecting the combined effects of magnetocrystalline anisotropy, anisotropic exchange, and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), whose effective orientation is found to rotate with temperature. These results establish ( as a model system for vector‐field control of chiral spin textures and reveal a previously unrecognized temperature‐driven evolution of the effective DMI landscape in a noncentrosymmetric magnet.
Concerted Superionic‐Electron Flow Guides a Sulfur‐Redox Highway in High‐Rate Li–S Batteries ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77940
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-25 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-26
- DE-Institutionen: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
- Autoren:
- Lin Zhou — HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute (CN); Peking University Shenzhen Hospital (CN); University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Zhen Han — HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute (CN); Peking University Shenzhen Hospital (CN); Shandong Academy of Sciences (CN); University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Guodong Jia — HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute (CN); Peking University Shenzhen Hospital (CN); University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Sida Sun — HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute (CN); Peking University Shenzhen Hospital (CN); University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Yixi Yao — HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute (CN); Peking University Shenzhen Hospital (CN); University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Handing Liu — HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute (CN); Peking University Shenzhen Hospital (CN); University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Prashanth W. Menezes — Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Ziliang Chen — Soochow University (CN)
- Topics: Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies; Advancements in Battery Materials; Inorganic Chemistry and Materials
- Keywords: Electrode; Polysulfide; Ion; Voltage; Ultrashort pulse; Modulation (music); Flow (mathematics)
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Designing multifunctional electrocatalysts that simultaneously promote rapid Li + , e − , and polysulfide anion (S x 2− ) transport is critical for achieving high‐rate lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Herein, C─F hybridization is employed to broaden the Li + migration channels, while embedded Sn particles synergistically accelerate the e − /S x 2− , inducing the solid‐phase conversion pathway to occur earlier at a high voltage plateau. Under ultrafast charge/discharge conditions, the electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 406 mAh g − 1 . The unique Sn–F interfacial electronic structure remarkably facilitates the charge delocalization of Li 2 S 4 molecules, forming a relaxed interfacial configuration that promotes the reconstruction and cleavage of bridged S─S bonds. Consequently, the apparent rate constant (k s ) for the quasi‐first‐order Li 2 S 4 conversion reaction is increased threefold, enabling Ah‐level pouch cells to achieve reversible cycling at 5 C. This study demonstrates a dynamic modulation strategy of bridging‐bond structures, providing fundamental insights into the “ultrafast ion/electron flow” mechanism and offering development guidance for high‐power Li–S batteries.
Two Coexisting Pathways to Volatility in Valence‐Change Memory Devices ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77515
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-25
- DE-Institutionen: Forschungszentrum Jülich; Ernst Ruska Centre
- Autoren:
- Johannes Hellwig — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE); Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Clemens Wittberg — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE); Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Dimitrios Spithouris — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE); Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Regina Dittmann — Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE); Ernst Ruska Centre (DE)
- Topics: Advanced Memory and Neural Computing; Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials; Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices
- Keywords: Neuromorphic engineering; Schottky diode; Ionic bonding; Memristor; Resistive random-access memory; Quantum tunnelling; Electronic circuit; Relaxation (psychology)
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Volatile valence‐change memory (VCM) devices are key building blocks for neuromorphic hardware, yet the physical origin of their volatility, whether ionic or electronic, remains debated. Here, we show that their post‐SET current relaxation is predominantly governed by ionic processes, while distinct electronic transients arise from a previously overlooked mechanism intrinsic to highly doped oxide Schottky junctions. To disentangle these contributions, we introduce a deep‐level‐transient‐spectroscopy‐inspired (DLTS) technique, Tunnel‐DLTS, employing sub‐ionic, low‐voltage pulses (0.3 V) over 15–450 K. We observe purely electronic responses exclusively under negative bias and within specific temperature windows consistent with activation energies of oxygen‐vacancy‐related electron traps. Dynamic Schottky‐barrier simulations incorporating tunneling and Shockley–Read–Hall dynamics reveal that these electronic transients emerge from the slow formation and relaxation of a quasi‐Fermi level, which we identify as a universal feature of nanoelectronic devices relying on highly doped oxide Schottky junctions. Together, these results establish two coexisting pathways to volatility: ionic decay and electronic transients, which paves the way for neuromorphic circuits that exploit tunable dual‐volatility within a single memristive device.
Mechanical Programming of PEGDA‐ β ‐CD Polyrotaxane‐Based Hydrogels via Host–Guest Molecular Recognition ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77853
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-25
- DE-Institutionen: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Shiyi Chen — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Xudan Xing — University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Haopu Su — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Dominik Voll — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Xiaohe Xu — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Jiafeng Wan — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Tongtong Cui — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Christian W. Schmitt — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Stefan Braese — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE); Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany) (DE)
- Peng Li — University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Patrick Théato — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Topics: Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications; Wound Healing and Treatments; Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
- Keywords: Self-healing hydrogels; Gelatin; Toughness; Supramolecular chemistry; Molecular recognition; Elasticity (physics); Porosity; Tissue engineering
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Polyrotaxane‐based hydrogels with mechanically interlocked structures offer unique opportunities for designing biomaterials with tunable mechanical properties in tissue engineering. However, the polyrotaxane structure based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and β ‐cyclodextrin ( β ‐CD) is considered negligible in the aqueous phase, limiting its integration into well‐defined hydrogel networks. Here, we report a series of hydrogels constructed from poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)‐ β ‐CD polyrotaxanes and gelatin (Gel), loaded with curcumin as a therapeutic model. We demonstrate that the increasing number of threaded β ‐CD units on PEGDA chains induced an evolution of gel microstructure from disordered porous to ordered laminar morphology, thereby transforming the mechanical behavior from highly elastic, low‐dissipated (13.53%) to high‐damping states (46.56%), accompanied by enhanced toughness and modulus. Notably, low threading density variants exhibited desirable elasticity and recovery suitable for skin wound dressings, while higher threading densities enabled mimicking of highly dissipative biological tissues. In vivo studies further demonstrated the excellent wound healing performance of these hydrogels, due to their suitable mechanical properties and anti‐inflammatory properties. In summary, this study highlights the critical role of polyrotaxane threading density in coupling supramolecular structure with mechanical and biological functions, providing a versatile strategy for advanced tissue engineering materials.
1 3 C Nanocrystalline Diamond Capsules: Fabrication, Characterization, and Opportunities for High‐Energy‐Density Experiments ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adfm.77795
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-26
- DE-Institutionen: Diamond Materials (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Maxwell A. T. Marple — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Sean Hayes — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Rajeev Kumar — University of the Sciences (US); University of Pennsylvania (US); Philadelphia University (US)
- T. Fehrenbach — Diamond Materials (Germany) (DE)
- Derrick C. Kaseman — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Joachim W. Ahner — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Benjamin Jacobsen — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Peter Weber — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Seth Davidovits — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Daniel Casey — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Eric A. Stach — University of the Sciences (US); University of Pennsylvania (US); Philadelphia University (US)
- Christoph Wild — Diamond Materials (Germany) (DE)
- Juergen Biener — Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Topics: Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics; Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research; Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Keywords: Inertial confinement fusion; Implosion; National Ignition Facility; Carbon fibers; Area density; Diamond; Nanocrystalline material; Fabrication
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) targets have recently enabled inertial confinement fusion (ICF) ignition at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), with gains exceeding the input laser energy. Achieving ignition requires NCD targets with carefully tuned density profiles and high material uniformity to minimize fuel‐ablator mix. Here, we report on the fabrication of high‐isotopic‐purity 13 C‐NCD capsules with a 13 C/ 12 C ratio greater than 100 and a density of 3.64 g cm −3 , 8% higher than comparable 12 C‐NCD coatings. The higher density shortens shock transit times, offering symmetry control advantages and enabling density gradient tuning across NCD/W‐NCD interfaces for improved implosion stability. 13 C‐NCD also opens a new diagnostic platform for studying fuel‐ablator mix and yield in NIF ICF experiments through 13 N production via the 13 C(p,n) 13 N reaction. Leveraging high isotopic purity of 13 C‐NCD coatings, we perform quantitative characterization of non‐diamond carbon phases using solid‐state direct‐polarization nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This reveals the presence of hydrogenated carbon (2.9 at.%), graphitic carbon (0.5 at.%), and tetrahedral amorphous carbon (0.4 at.%), yielding previously unavailable insight into NCD ablator composition and structure. This work clarifies the nature of NCD ablator shells and lays the foundation for new target designs that exploit 13 C‐NCD's higher density and enable diagnostics for ICF experiments.
Advanced Optical Materials (AOM) — 8 neu
Mid‐Infrared Hyperbolic Metamaterial for the Silicon–Germanium Technology Platform ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adom.71760
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-12 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-13
- DE-Institutionen: Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics; Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg
- Autoren:
- Jon Schlipf — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Enrico Talamas Simola — Roma Tre University (IT)
- Fritz Berkmann — Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Damiano Marian — University of Pisa (IT)
- Inga A. Fischer — Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg (DE)
- Francesco Bisio — Superconducting and other Innovative Materials and Devices Institute (IT)
- Michele Ortolani — Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Leonetta Baldassare — Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- L. Di Gaspare — Roma Tre University (IT)
- Giovanni Capellini — Roma Tre University (IT); Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- M. De Seta — Roma Tre University (IT)
- Michele Virgilio — University of Pisa (IT)
- Topics: Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research; Photonic Crystals and Applications
- Keywords: Metamaterial; Plasmon; Photonics; Realization (probability); Semiconductor; Dispersion (optics); Doping; Germanium
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) offer unprecedented control over light‐matter interactions, yet integrating them into standard semiconductor platforms remains challenging. Here, we present the realization and optical characterization of a mid‐infrared HMM based entirely on the silicon‐germanium technology platform. The monolithic structure consists of alternating heavily doped (metal‐like) and intrinsic (dielectric‐like) germanium layers grown via CMOS‐compatible ultra‐high vacuum chemical vapor deposition (UHV‐CVD). Using angle‐resolved polarized reflectivity measurements, we experimentally demonstrate the emergence of a hyperbolic dispersion regime. The experimental optical response is accurately reproduced by a full multilayer model, which highlights the critical role of material losses when approaching the HMM spectral window. By simply adjusting the doping profile, this platform offers high design tunability and straightforward integration with mid‐infrared photonic and plasmonic devices based on group‐IV materials.
Epitaxial MgSnN 2 on 4H‐SiC (0001): An Earth‐Abundant Nitride for Green Optoelectronics and Photovoltaics ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adom.71758
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-10 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-11
- DE-Institutionen: Ernst Ruska Centre
- Autoren:
- D. Gogova — Linköping University (SE)
- Dat Q. Tran — Linköping University (SE); Engineering Link (Canada) (CA); Stanford University (US)
- V. Stanishev — Linköping University (SE); Laboratoire de physique des Solides (FR)
- Danial Shafizade — Linköping University (SE)
- Ching‐Lien Hsiao — Linköping University (SE)
- Minho Kim — Linköping University (SE); Engineering Link (Canada) (CA)
- B. Pécz — HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research (HU)
- A. Kovács — Ernst Ruska Centre (DE); HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research (HU)
- K. Frey — HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research (HU)
- A. Sulyok — HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research (HU)
- Niraj K. Singh — Linköping University (SE); Uppsala University (SE)
- Arnaud le Febvrier — Linköping University (SE); Uppsala University (SE)
- Per Eklund — Linköping University (SE); Uppsala University (SE)
- Vanya Darakchieva — Linköping University (SE); Laboratoire de physique des Solides (FR); Engineering Link (Canada) (CA)
- Topics: Machine Learning in Materials Science; Metal and Thin Film Mechanics; Boron and Carbon Nanomaterials Research
- Keywords: Epitaxy; Wurtzite crystal structure; Photovoltaics; Photoluminescence; Sputter deposition; Thin film; Nitride; Sputtering
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Group II–IV‐Nitrides has emerged as a novel class of Earth‐abundant semiconductors. Owing to their tunable bandgaps these materials are attractive candidates for replacing expensive Ga‐based alloys in photovoltaics and green‐gap optoelectronics. In this work, epitaxial growth of MgSnN 2 thin films on 4H‐SiC (0001) substrates by direct current magnetron sputtering is demonstrated. Mg and Sn metal targets were co‐sputtered in a nitrogen‐containing atmosphere at growth temperatures up to 500 °C. The film composition is varied from Sn‐rich to stoichiometric and Mg‐rich regimes. X‐ray diffraction and cross‐sectional transmission electron microscopy confirm the MgSnN 2 layers grow epitaxially in a wurtzite crystal structure, exhibiting the epitaxial relationships with the substrate: MgSnN 2 [0001]//4H‐SiC [0001] and MgSnN 2 []//4H‐SiC[]. Improved crystalline quality is observed for higher deposition temperatures and stoichiometric composition, as evidenced by the narrowing of rocking curve's linewidths. Optical characterization reveals a high absorption coefficient (∼10 5 cm − 1 ) in the visible spectrum. Photoluminescence measurements show emission peaked at ∼2.4 eV, highly desirable for optoelectronic devices in the challenging green spectral region. These results establish MgSnN 2 as an earth‐abundant, environmentally‐friendly material, structurally compatible with III‐nitrides, with potential for cost‐efficient components in sustainable optoelectronics and photovoltaics.
Helium Ion‐Induced Degradation Mechanisms in Optical Coatings for Space Applications ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adom.71743
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-10 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-11
- DE-Institutionen: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
- Autoren:
- Alain Jody Corso — Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IT)
- Marta Padovani — University of Padua (IT); Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IT)
- René Hübner — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Ulrich Kentsch — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Andrea Meneguzzo — University of Padua (IT)
- Maria Guglielmina Pelizzo — University of Padua (IT); Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IT)
- Topics: Silicone and Siloxane Chemistry; Polymer Nanocomposite Synthesis and Irradiation; Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
- Keywords: Coating; Helium; Irradiation; Ion; Transmission electron microscopy; Degradation (telecommunications); Optical coating; Space environment
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Low‐energy helium ions represent a significant source of degradation for optical coatings operating in space environments, especially in Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO). Despite their relevance, the mechanisms responsible for ‐induced degradation remain largely unexplored. This work systematically investigates the effects of irradiation on metallic and dielectric thin films for space optical applications, including single‐ and bi‐layer coatings based on Al, Au, Ag, , , and . More than 150 samples were irradiated at different fluences, fluxes, and ion energies (4, 16, and 100 keV) under conditions covering both 15‐year GEO baseline fluences and intentionally above such levels. The selected energies allow a comparative investigation of both ion penetration effects in single layers and interface‐stressing mechanisms in multilayer structures. Radiation‐induced modifications were characterized through optical and structural analyzes, including reflectance/transmittance measurements, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The results reveal distinct degradation mechanisms associated with implantation and interface damage, highlighting effects that differ significantly from those typically observed under proton irradiation. In addition, empirical reference fluences without observable optical degradation were determined for the investigated coating systems, providing an empirical baseline for assessing coating stability in space environments.
Enhancement of Circular Dichroism in Chiral Dielectric Metasurfaces by Ion Beam Irradiation ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adom.71695
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · Vol. 14, Issue 35 · OpenAlex seit 2026-03-10
- DE-Institutionen: Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology; Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History; Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering
- Autoren:
- Anna Fitriana — ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (AU); Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Katsuya Tanaka — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (DE); Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (DE); Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Lukas Raam Jaeger — ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (AU); Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Martin Hafermann — Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Thomas Pertsch — Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (DE); Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (DE); Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (DE); Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Carsten Ronning — Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Isabelle Staude — Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (DE); Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (DE); Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Topics: Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research; Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis
- Keywords: Circular dichroism; Dielectric; Dissipative system; Refractive index; Circular polarization; Chirality (physics); Dichroism; Bilayer
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Resonant chiral dielectric metasurfaces can support circular dichroism exceeding that of natural materials, but their small dissipative losses simultaneously limit the maximization of circular dichroism, which inherently relies on absorption. Importantly, while the condition for optimal circular dichroism in resonant structures can be rigorously formulated based on the concept of critical coupling, controlling the amount of absorption experimentally, and ideally tuning it to the optimal value post‐fabrication, remains elusive. Here, we experimentally tailor the dissipative losses of chiral bilayer dielectric metasurfaces post‐fabrication using energetic ion beam irradiation. Specifically, we study the transmission characteristics of 4 ‐symmetric chiral metasurface consisting of silicon nanocuboid arrays embedded in silica glass using polarization‐resolved spectroscopy. We enhance the circular dichroism from 0.70 in the pristine, unirradiated metasurface to 0.85 after irradiation. Our experimental results are complemented by numerical simulations allowing us to retrieve the refractive index changes induced by the ion beam irradiation in the constituent materials of the metasurface. Our work offers a new approach to globally maximize optical chirality in engineered nanostructures, paving the way toward chiral emission and advanced polarization control applications.
Seven‐Fold Compression of Mid‐Infrared Pulses Using a Series of Titanium Dioxide Plates ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adom.71731
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · Vol. 14, Issue 35 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics
- Autoren:
- Andre M. Cote — Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Dillon Lim — Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Nicholas Karpowicz — Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (DE)
- Gary W. Leach — Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Shawn Sederberg — Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Topics: Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications; Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics; Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
- Keywords: Pulse compression; Bandwidth (computing); Pulse duration; Parametric statistics; Pulse (music); Bandwidth-limited pulse; Terahertz radiation; Series (stratigraphy)
- Abstract: ABSTRACT We demonstrate a compact approach for generating 2‐cycle mid‐infrared pulses centered at 2.038 µm using bulk TiO 2 plates for nonlinear spectral broadening and self‐compression. Starting from a passively CEP‐stable idler pulse produced by an optical parametric amplifier, the beam is transmitted through a sequence of three 500 µm‐thick TiO 2 plates operated near the material's zero‐dispersion wavelength. The pulse duration is reduced from 103.9 to 14.1 fs without subsequent dispersion‐compensation stages, while the spectral bandwidth broadens from 10.85 to 84.42 THz and the output pulse energy is 42 µJ, corresponding to 76.3% transmission efficiency. The compressed output exhibits a CEP standard deviation of 334 mrad over a 50 min measurement. These results establish bulk TiO 2 self‐compression as a simple and scalable platform for generating mid‐infrared few‐cycle pulses.
Self‐Powered NbTe 2 /MoS 2 Photodetectors With High‐Sensitivity for Potential Intelligent Underwater Imaging Applications ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adom.71704
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-31 · Vol. 14, Issue 35 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-01
- DE-Institutionen: Institute for Advanced Study
- Autoren:
- Jingyu Zhang — Donghua University (CN); Institute for Advanced Study (DE)
- Suifeng Xiong — Donghua University (CN); Institute for Advanced Study (DE)
- Futing Sun — Donghua University (CN)
- Xiaohan Zhang — Donghua University (CN)
- Wen Chen — Donghua University (CN)
- Haoxuan Li — Institute for Advanced Study (DE)
- Zihan Gao — Institute for Advanced Study (DE)
- Weifeng Zhao — Institute for Advanced Study (DE)
- Xiuhao Zheng — Institute for Advanced Study (DE)
- Chao Guo — Donghua University (CN)
- Xinyue Zhao — Donghua University (CN)
- Yongzhe Wang — Shanghai Institute of Ceramics (CN)
- Yufeng Shan — Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics (CN); Institute for Advanced Study (DE)
- Haijie Chen — Donghua University (CN)
- Ning Dai — Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics (CN); Institute for Advanced Study (DE); Changzhou University (CN)
- Topics: 2D Materials and Applications; Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Keywords: Photodetector; Responsivity; Heterojunction; Underwater; Broadband; Rectification; Electric field
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Underwater optical imaging, vital for marine exploration, faces the challenge of optical signal degradation caused by water absorption and scattering, necessitating photodetectors with high sensitivity and low noise. In this work, we report a vertically stacked two‐dimensional NbTe 2 /MoS 2 van der Waals heterojunction designed for self‐powered underwater photodetection. Owing to the strong built‐in electric field at the heterointerface, the device effectively suppresses dark current and achieves a high rectification ratio of 7.3 × 10 4 . The photodetector exhibits a self‐powered, broadband photoresponse spanning the visible to near‐infrared region, with a peak responsivity of 2.1 mA/W and a specific detectivity of 6.7 × 10 10 Jones at 405 nm, outperforming most reported self‐powered heterojunction photodetectors. Under reverse bias, the detectivity is further enhanced to 1.15 × 10 12 Jones due to the strengthened internal electric field. Additionally, the device demonstrates a rapid temporal response, featuring a rise time of ≈47 µs and a decay time of ≈52 µs, respectively. Notably, the NbTe 2 /MoS 2 photodetector exhibits high imaging fidelity in aquatic environments, enabling high‐definition imaging through a deep‐learning‐based restoration algorithm. These results position the NbTe 2 /MoS 2 heterojunction as a promising candidate for energy‐efficient, high‐sensitivity underwater optoelectronics, advancing the field of intelligent underwater imaging.
Chiral Porphyrin Monolayers on Ferromagnetic Thin Films: Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Hybrid Interfaces ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adom.71588
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-25 · Vol. 14, Issue 33 · OpenAlex seit 2026-05-13
- DE-Institutionen: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
- Autoren:
- Karol Hauza — Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (PL)
- Anna Lewandowska-Andrałojć — Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (PL)
- Ruslan Salikhov — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Jürgen Lindner — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Gotard Burdzinski — Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (PL)
- Marcin Kwit — Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (PL)
- Bronisław Marciniak — Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (PL)
- Aleksandra Lindner — Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- Topics: Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures; Magnetism in coordination complexes
- Keywords: Porphyrin; Ultrafast laser spectroscopy; Ferromagnetism; Excited state; Femtosecond; Molecule; Monolayer; Spectroscopy
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Hybrid ferromagnetic metal/organic interfaces (spinterfaces) exhibit unique properties, including spin filtering. In parallel, chiral organic molecules can themselves induce efficient spin filtering, leading to unexpectedly high spin polarizations. Here, we investigate how the proximity of gold‐capped Co/Ni ferromagnetic multilayers influences the spectroscopic properties and photoinduced electron dynamics of chiral oligopeptides bearing a porphyrin chromophore. The molecules are covalently attached to the gold cap via a chiral linker, forming a self‐assembled monolayer. The porphyrin macrocycles adopt an orientation parallel to the surface, resulting in the formation of J‐like aggregates. Photoinduced dynamics are probed using femtosecond pump–probe transient absorption spectroscopy. Despite excitation of only a single molecular layer, a clear transient absorption signal of the porphyrin singlet excited state is observed. Adsorption on the metal surface leads to a pronounced reduction of the excited‐state lifetime. However, no signatures of long‐lived photoinduced charge‐transfer products are detected. Furthermore, no dependence of the excited‐state dynamics on either the magnetization direction of the ferromagnetic layer or the molecular chirality is observed.
Gain Narrowing in Low‐Dimensional PEA:CsPbBr 3 : Superfluorescence versus Amplified Spontaneous Emission ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1002/adom.71710
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-25 · Vol. 14, Issue 35 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-27
- DE-Institutionen: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Pirmin Tischler — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Valerie Y. Horter — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Yang Li — Advanced Materials and Devices (United States) (US)
- Holger Geßwein — Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany) (DE)
- Weimu Xu — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Renjun Guo — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE); Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany) (DE)
- Orlando Torres Perales — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Julian Petry — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE); Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany) (DE)
- Ulrich W. Paetzold — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE); Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany) (DE)
- Nils W. Rosemann — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Uli Lemmer — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE); Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany) (DE)
- Topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications; Strong Light-Matter Interactions; Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Keywords: Amplified spontaneous emission; Spontaneous emission; Stimulated emission; Photoluminescence; Superradiance; Common emitter; Emission spectrum; Spectroscopy
- Abstract: ABSTRACT Quantum phenomena typically occur for low temperatures. Moreover, single‐molecule and single‐particle spectroscopy have revealed a plethora of quantum phenomena in photonics. Superfluorescence (SF) is a macroscopic quantum effect where a macroscopic ensemble of emitters become coherent above a certain excitation threshold and cooperatively emit a burst of coherent photons. Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), on the other hand, is a collective emission process where a spontaneously emitted photon propagates inside the emitter material and induces stimulated emission. Both SF and ASE lead to a narrow peak rising out of the photoluminescence spectrum. Recently, SF at room temperature was invoked for the explanation of spectral narrowing in low‐dimensional PEA:CsPbBr 3 under high excitation. Here, we investigate the emission characteristics of this material and clarify whether ASE or SF is responsible for the emission narrowing. We do so by testing the effect on samples processed on different substrates, thereby manipulating the optical waveguide characteristics of the stack. We show, that the narrow emission peak is suppressed for substrates with a refractive index higher than the active material. This results from the absence of waveguide modes. These findings show that ASE—not SF—is the dominant mechanism responsible for the observed spectral narrowing.
Applied Physics Letters (APL) — 6 neu
Six-degree-of-freedom acoustic manipulation of levitated macroscopic rigid bodies ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0348018
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-14 · Vol. 129, Issue 11 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-16
- DE-Institutionen: University of Augsburg
- Autoren:
- Sebastian Zehnter — University of Augsburg (DE)
- Kevin Endres — University of Augsburg (DE)
- Marco A. B. Andrade — Universidade de São Paulo (BR); Institute of Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
- Christoph Ament — University of Augsburg (DE)
- Topics: Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies; Micro and Nano Robotics; Granular flow and fluidized beds
- Keywords: Acoustic levitation; Kinematics; Torque; Trajectory; Rigid body; Feed forward; Control theory (sociology); Lookup table
- Abstract: Acoustic levitation enables contact-free particle manipulation, yet dynamic six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) control of non-spherical macroscopic bodies has remained out of reach: rotational and translational dynamics couple non-trivially, and existing demonstrations are restricted to spherical objects or static configurations, or achieve motion by mechanically repositioning the levitator. We demonstrate controlled, stable, and purely field-based 6-DOF manipulation of macroscopic non-spherical rigid bodies on a stationary phased array system, using kinematic feedforward control without any object-specific dynamic model. The architecture combines a Galerkin boundary element model of acoustic radiation forces and torques with our semidefinite programming (SDP) framework for translating optimized pressure fields. Rotational keyframes are obtained offline via nonlinear optimization and stored in a lookup table (LUT) sampling the rotational workspace. SDP then translates the incident pressure field of any LUT entry within the working volume. For a reference trajectory, retrieved keyframes and shifted fields are merged offline into a phase sequence streamed at a 1 ms update rate without re-trapping. Experiments on a wooden cross and stick validate the architecture in the Mie and geometric regimes. Static rotational precision at LUT-sampled poses stays below 0.45° (mean) across all examined axes, with peak deviations up to 2.82° at large angles. Dynamic manipulation at velocities up to 40 mm/s achieves tracking errors below about 3% of the object length. Supplementary material videos show linear and infinity symbol trajectories, continuous 6-DOF maneuvers in a single uninterrupted run, and trajectory composition at non-trivial poses. These results open the route to closed-loop control of macroscopic objects.
Local inhomogeneity-mediated phase-dependent magnon amplification in YIG nanostructures ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0347638
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-14 · Vol. 129, Issue 11 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-18
- DE-Institutionen: University of Kaiserslautern
- Autoren:
- Akira Lentfert — University of Kaiserslautern (DE)
- E. Spindler — University of Kaiserslautern (DE)
- Björn Heinz — University of Kaiserslautern (DE)
- Mathias Weiler — University of Kaiserslautern (DE)
- Philipp Pirro — University of Kaiserslautern (DE)
- Topics: Magnetic properties of thin films; Mechanical and Optical Resonators; Quantum and electron transport phenomena
- Keywords: Spin wave; Magnonics; Yttrium iron garnet; Magnon; Adiabatic process; Scattering; Brillouin scattering; Brillouin zone
- Abstract: As magnonics evolves toward non-conventional computing, the development of phase-conserving and phase-sensitive amplification mechanisms becomes increasingly important. A particularly promising approach is non-adiabatic parametric amplification. In this work, the influence of local inhomogeneities on the parallel parametric amplification of spin waves in nano-scale yttrium iron garnet waveguides is investigated. Micromagnetic simulations reveal that in larger pump regions, where only adiabatic amplification is expected, scattering centers provide additional linear momentum that enables non-adiabatic amplification of propagating spin waves. Importantly, the coherence of the process remains unaffected by the scattering, and the generation of co-propagating spin waves enhances effective amplification. Our simulations are confirmed by micro-focused Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy experiments, reproducing both the phase-dependent behavior and the characteristic features of the time-resolved dynamics. These findings demonstrate the flexibility of the parametric amplification process and provide a key mechanism for the development of large-scale spin-wave computing circuits.
Low-resistivity epitaxial Ru films on AlN (0001)/Si (111) for interconnect applications ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0344595
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-31 · Vol. 129, Issue 9 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Aixtron (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Jean-Philippe Soulié — IMEC (BE)
- Anurag Vohra — IMEC (BE)
- Arne Debald — Aixtron (Germany) (DE)
- Kevin Janssen — Aixtron (Germany) (DE)
- H. Hahn — Aixtron (Germany) (DE)
- Dirk Fahle — Aixtron (Germany) (DE)
- Johan Meersschaut — IMEC (BE)
- Olivier Richard — IMEC (BE)
- Benoît Van Troeye — IMEC (BE)
- Fanfan Meng — IMEC (BE)
- Chen Wu — IMEC (BE)
- Geoffrey Pourtois — IMEC (BE)
- Johan Swerts — IMEC (BE)
- S. Park — IMEC (BE)
- Christoph Adelmann — IMEC (BE)
- Topics: Copper Interconnects and Reliability; Semiconductor materials and interfaces; GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials
- Keywords: Epitaxy; Electrical resistivity and conductivity; Transmission electron microscopy; Wafer; Crystallite; Chemical vapor deposition; Thin film; Silicon
- Abstract: Ru is a promising candidate for future post-Cu interconnect metallization because of its short electron mean free path and barrier-free reliability. Here, we demonstrate epitaxial Ru thin films on CMOS-compatible AlN (0001)/Si (111) grown by physical vapor deposition. X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering ion channeling, and transmission electron microscopy confirm the single-crystal nature of the Ru films with a honeycomb epitaxial relationship. The films exhibit low resistivity of 7.8 μΩ cm at 30 nm thickness and a high residual resistivity ratio of 11, approaching bulk Ru values and outperforming polycrystalline Ru and Cu in the ultrathin film regime. Additional epitaxial growth on 300 mm wafers establishes epitaxial Ru on AlN (0001)/Si (111) as a scalable, CMOS-compatible platform for low-resistivity interconnect metallization.
Rotating magnetocaloric effect in sintered La(Fe,Mn,Si)13H z plates ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0339017
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-31 · Vol. 129, Issue 9 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Vacuumschmelze (Germany)
- Autoren:
- R. Almeida — Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Tomás Ventura — Universidade do Porto (PT)
- R.M.C. Pinto — Universidade do Porto (PT)
- João Oliveira da Silva — Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Konrad Loewe — Vacuumschmelze (Germany) (DE)
- R. Kiefe — University of Aveiro (PT)
- João S. Amaral — University of Aveiro (PT)
- João P. Araújo — Universidade do Porto (PT)
- J.H. Belo — Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Topics: Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials; Shape Memory Alloy Transformations; Magnetic Properties of Alloys
- Keywords: Magnetic refrigeration; Magnetic field; Adiabatic process; Anisotropy; Rotating magnetic field; Rotation (mathematics); Magnetic anisotropy; Work (physics)
- Abstract: This work characterizes the conventional and rotating magnetocaloric effect (RMCE) present in a 0.27 mm-thin plate of hydrogenated La(Fe,Mn,Si). The high aspect ratio (∼50) of the thin plate leads to an anisotropic magnetocaloric effect (MCE), dependent on the relative orientation of the external magnetic field, and an RMCE when the external field is rotated. We find a maximum rotating adiabatic temperature change (ΔTadrot) of 1.17 K upon rotation of a 1 T magnetic field, and 1.12 K with 0.6 T—a reduction of only 4% for a 40% reduction in field strength. Magnetostatic computations revealed a considerable rotating entropy change (ΔSisorot), comparable to the MCE of Gd for similar fields, reaching 3.97 J K−1 kg−1 for 1 T and 3.68 J K−1 kg−1 for 0.6 T (7% reduction), highlighting La-Fe-Mn-Si alloys as high potential candidates for a magnetic refrigerator based on the RMCE utilizing low magnetic fields.
A step-by-step workflow to account for linear polarization artifacts in circular dichroism of thin films ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0340813
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · Vol. 129, Issue 8 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-27
- DE-Institutionen: Chemnitz University of Technology
- Autoren:
- Franziska Schölzel — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Arina Narudin — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Aleksandra Ciesielska — Imec the Netherlands (NL); Energy Research Institute (CN); Hasselt University (BE)
- Alexander Ehm — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Dietrich R. T. Zahn — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Wouter Van Gompel — Imec the Netherlands (NL); Energy Research Institute (CN); Hasselt University (BE)
- Simon Kahmann — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Georgeta Salvan — Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Topics: Molecular spectroscopy and chirality; Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies; Origins and Evolution of Life
- Keywords: Thin film; Anisotropy; Workflow; Circular dichroism; Linear dichroism; Dichroism; Polarization (electrochemistry)
- Abstract: Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy has evolved from a purely solution-based method toward an important tool in the analysis of chiral thin films. Although a straightforward technique, the true CD signal is often accompanied by artifacts arising from optical anisotropy and instrumental imperfections. Here, we present a two-step workflow that separates the orientation-invariant CD response for anisotropic thin films by combining azimuthal sample rotation with sample flipping. For this purpose, a home-built sample stage was developed, which enables systematic suppression of many anisotropy-induced artifacts in commercial CD spectrophotometers. Both a detailed description of the setup itself and the required Python script are provided. The reliability of the workflow is demonstrated on two selected samples from different research fields: chiral molecules attached to metallic surfaces and low-dimensional metal halide perovskites incorporating chiral spacer molecules.
Hard x-ray holographic nanoimaging using multilayer Laue lenses ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0344598
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · Vol. 129, Issue 8 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-29
- DE-Institutionen: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter; Universität Hamburg; Center for Free-Electron Laser Science
- Autoren:
- Mathias Hurst — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Jia Chyi Wong — Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (DE)
- M. S. Zubér — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Mateusz Czyżycki — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Margarita Zakharova — Universität Hamburg (DE); Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (DE)
- Mauro Prasciolu — Universität Hamburg (DE); Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (DE)
- Naufal I. Kreshnaviyanto — Universität Hamburg (DE); Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (DE)
- Rolf Simon — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Daniel Hänschke — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Elias Hamann — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Henry N. Chapman — Universität Hamburg (DE); Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (DE); Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (DE)
- S. Bajt — Universität Hamburg (DE); Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (DE); Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (DE)
- Tilo Baumbach — Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Topics: Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques; Crystallography and Radiation Phenomena; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords: Holography; Wavefront; Numerical aperture; Projection (relational algebra); Aperture (computer memory); Microscope; Image quality; Image resolution
- Abstract: We present an approach to hard x-ray holographic projection microscopy that combines the use of high numerical aperture multilayer Laue lenses (MLLs) with high-Z single-photon-counting detection. Unlike conventional Kirkpatrick–Baez mirror-based systems, MLLs provide higher numerical apertures at high photon energies. This enables photon-noise-limited detection of high-resolution propagation-based phase-contrast images, while avoiding excessively long propagation distances and relaxing constraints on source size and source-to-MLLs distance. These features make the approach well suited to high-resolution studies of radiation-sensitive specimens and strongly absorbing samples. The first implementation at PETRA III achieved a spatial resolution of 50 nm at 30 keV. However, as high phase sensitivity renders the technique susceptible to optical aberrations, we characterize and compare the aberrational effects of flat and wedged MLLs by measuring their wavefronts and the resulting phase-contrast images. We demonstrate the resolution and image quality by experiments on 2D test patterns and potential applications through rapid 3D holotomography measurements of alloys and soft materials.
Journal of Applied Physics (JAP) — 5 neu
Analyzing the interface properties of cubic GaN/AlN heterostructures using impedance spectroscopy ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0344855
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-02 · Vol. 140, Issue 9 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-02
- DE-Institutionen: Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
- Autoren:
- Hannes Hergert — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Silas A. Jentsch — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Mario F. Zscherp — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Jörg Schörmann — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Peter J. Klar — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Sangam Chatterjee — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Matthias T. Elm — Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Topics: GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials; Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies; Ga2O3 and related materials
- Keywords: Heterojunction; Molecular beam epitaxy; Dielectric spectroscopy; Gallium nitride; Fabrication; Wide-bandgap semiconductor; Electrical impedance; Nitride
- Abstract: Cubic gallium nitride (c-GaN) is an attractive material system for various electronic and optoelectronic device applications, as it lacks internal piezoelectric polarization fields unlike its hexagonal counterpart. Yet, the fabrication of high-performing device structures depends on the growth of high-quality c-GaN thin films, which remains a challenging task. Here, we present a systematic characterization of the electrical properties of cubic GaN/AlN heterostructures with varying thicknesses grown by molecular beam epitaxy on 3C-SiC/Si templates. Impedance spectroscopy is used as a powerful tool for characterizing transport through the sample structure as well as the defect density at the existing interfaces. While the bare template exhibits a single feature in the impedance spectrum associated with the 3C-SiC/Si interface, a second low-frequency process arises under forward bias in samples with cubic GaN/AlN layers on top. Quantitative analysis of the impedance response reveals a reduction in the impurity density with increasing c-GaN film thickness. This improvement in structural quality with extended growth time is accompanied by a decrease in defect density at the interfaces. These results establish a direct link between optimized growth conditions and structural quality in cubic nitride heterostructures, providing a pathway toward the reliable design of next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Dipole orientation-dependent Purcell enhancement in silicon nitride dielectric waveguides using isotropic quantum dots and anisotropic nanoplatelets ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0333343
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-27 · Vol. 140, Issue 8 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-28
- DE-Institutionen: Center for NanoScience
- Autoren:
- Sushma Gali — Center for NanoScience (DE); Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Komal Sharma — Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- J. K. Basu — Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Shankar Kumar Selvaraja — Center for NanoScience (DE); Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Topics: Photonic and Optical Devices; Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research; Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence
- Keywords: Purcell effect; Dipole; Quantum dot; Isotropy; Dielectric; Anisotropy; Photoluminescence; Common emitter
- Abstract: We investigate the modification of spontaneous emission from quantum emitters positioned in the near field of silicon nitride dielectric waveguides. The role of dipole orientation is investigated through combined numerical simulations and experimental measurements by resolving normal, tangential, and parallel dipole components relative to the waveguide surface. The simulations reveal that emission enhancement depends strongly on the vectorial overlap between the emitter dipole and the guided-mode field components. Spherical quantum dots, exhibiting nearly isotropic dipole orientations with significant normal components, show higher ensemble-averaged Purcell enhancement, while anisotropic nanoplatelets, with predominantly in-plane dipole moments, display comparatively lower enhancement due to restricted coupling to the normal field component. Photoluminescence measurements and time-resolved studies are consistent with these trends, indicating orientation-dependent, cavity-free Purcell enhancement in integrated dielectric waveguides and establishing a qualitative framework for evaluating emitter orientation effects in waveguide-based quantum photonic platforms.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry determined dielectric function from 0.74 to 9.25 eV and band-to-band transitions in zirconia thin films fabricated by electron-beam-assisted deposition ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0320613
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-27 · Vol. 140, Issue 8 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-28
- DE-Institutionen: Supply Chain Competence Center (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Ufuk Kılıç — University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- Raymond Smith — University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- Matthew Hilfiker — University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- Shawn Wimer — University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- E. F. Schubert — University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- M. Schubert — University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US); Wallenberg Wood Science Center (SE); Supply Chain Competence Center (Germany) (DE)
- Topics: Semiconductor materials and devices; Optical Coatings and Gratings; Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Keywords: Thin film; Ellipsometry; Dielectric; Surface roughness; Cubic zirconia; Surface finish; Atomic layer deposition; Chemical vapor deposition
- Abstract: Zirconia (ZrO2) thin films were fabricated using an ultra-high-vacuum electron-beam physical vapor deposition technique. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) data from multiple samples with different thicknesses were acquired over a broad photon-energy range of 0.74–9.25 eV to determine the frequency-dependent complex dielectric function of ZrO2 thin films. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis confirms the formation of highly uniform films with an average height variation below 2 nm across the scanned areas. In the SE-based optical analysis, a five-layer model consisting of the substrate, native oxide, ZrO2 thin film, surface roughness layer, and ambient was employed within a multi-sample analysis framework. The surface roughness layer was modeled using a 50:50 effective medium approximation of the film and ambient, yielding roughness thicknesses consistent with those obtained from AFM measurements. By parameterizing the intrinsic dielectric response using a set of oscillators, a critical-point model dielectric-function analysis was applied to identify band-to-band transition parameters. These results provide a comprehensive parameterization of the dielectric function of electron-beam-deposited ZrO2 thin films and establish a robust ellipsometry-based framework for correlating thin-film structure and optical properties in ultra-wide-bandgap oxide materials.
Modeling of flopping-mode spin qubits: Beyond the two-site model ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0343213
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · Vol. 140, Issue 8 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-25
- DE-Institutionen: University of Augsburg
- Autoren:
- Ashutosh Kinikar — Imec the Netherlands (NL); KU Leuven (BE)
- Vukan Levajac — Imec the Netherlands (NL); KU Leuven (BE)
- Kristof Moors — Imec the Netherlands (NL)
- George Simion — Imec the Netherlands (NL)
- Mónica Benito — University of Augsburg (DE)
- Bart Sorée — University of Antwerp (BE); Imec the Netherlands (NL); KU Leuven (BE)
- Topics: Quantum and electron transport phenomena; Quantum Information and Cryptography; Magnetism in coordination complexes
- Keywords: Rabi cycle; Qubit; Rabi frequency; Spin (aerodynamics); Coupling (piping); Dipole; Coulomb; Magnetic field
- Abstract: We present a flexible modeling framework for flopping-mode spin qubits that captures the spatial structure of the double-well confinement and magnetic-field-gradient profile going beyond conventional low-energy descriptions. By using this approach, we simulate electric dipole spin resonance-based single-qubit control and evaluate the frequency and spectral purity of the Rabi oscillations across different parameter regimes. Our analysis reveals a fundamental trade-off between fast electrical driving and clean single-mode Rabi oscillations and demonstrates that the standard two-site low-energy approximation can overestimate the Rabi frequency by up to ∼20% in certain parameter regimes. We also investigate two-qubit control by considering two capacitively coupled flopping-mode qubits and derive the corresponding exchange interaction with an appropriately restricted configuration interaction treatment. Our approach reveals the interplay between the spatial profile of the double-well confinement, magnetic field gradient, and Coulomb interaction, which together govern the effective exchange coupling strength. Our spatially resolved modeling framework enables efficient exploration of double-well confinement parameters and magnetic field gradient profiles, enabling a transparent mapping from spatial device properties to flopping-mode qubit parameters and quality metrics.
Investigating the relationship between the hold-off voltage of gas insulation for industrial applications and the discharge self-sustainment voltage ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1063/5.0334940
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · Vol. 140, Issue 8 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-25
- DE-Institutionen: Siemens (Germany); Siemens Healthineers (Germany)
- Autoren:
- R M S Almeida — Instituto Superior de Gestão (PT); Universidade da Madeira (PT)
- Nuno Ferreira — Instituto Superior de Gestão (PT); Universidade da Madeira (PT)
- D F N Santos — Instituto Superior de Gestão (PT); Universidade da Madeira (PT)
- Pedro Almeida — Instituto Superior de Gestão (PT); Universidade da Madeira (PT)
- M. S. Benilov — Instituto Superior de Gestão (PT); Universidade da Madeira (PT)
- M. Koletzko — Siemens (Germany) (DE); Siemens Healthineers (Germany) (DE)
- K. Benkert — Siemens (Germany) (DE); Siemens Healthineers (Germany) (DE)
- Helena T. C. Kaufmann — Siemens (Germany) (DE)
- Topics: Vacuum and Plasma Arcs; Plasma Applications and Diagnostics; High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena
- Keywords: Voltage; Ignition system; Breakdown voltage; Electric field; High voltage; Electrical breakdown; Work (physics)
- Abstract: If the degree of non-uniformity of the electric field is sufficiently low, then the breakdown voltage may be approximately estimated by computing the voltage of ignition of a self-sustaining discharge in the same setup. The latter is a much simpler computational task: an accurate evaluation of the discharge ignition voltage for a given setup usually takes no more than half an hour on a personal computer. High-voltage insulating gaps are typically designed without sharp edges or small protrusions, in order to reduce the electric field non-uniformity as much as possible. Then the question is whether the electric field non-uniformity in a particular industrial device is low enough for the breakdown voltage to be close to the ignition voltage. This work aims to answer this question with respect to breakdown in air under typical conditions of exterior of vacuum interrupters. This is done in two ways, computationally and experimentally. The ignition voltage was computed using a plasmachemical model of low-current discharges in air at atmospheric or higher pressure. The breakdown voltage was computed for the same setup by means of standard time-dependent modeling with the use of the same plasmachemical model and was found to differ from the ignition voltage by no more than a few percent. Experiments specifically designed for investigation of breakdown in the exterior of vacuum interrupters have been performed, and a good agreement between the experimental hold-off voltage and the computed ignition voltage was found for different experimental designs and various air pressures.
Optics Express (OE) — 3 neu
Multimode structured neutron beams ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1364/oe.596500
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-31 · Vol. 34, Issue 19, S. 34960 · OpenAlex seit 2025-11-13
- DE-Institutionen: Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum
- Autoren:
- Owen Lailey — keine Affiliation
- Dusan Sarenac — University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Charles W. Clark — National Institute of Standards and Technology (US); Joint Quantum Institute (US)
- David G. Cory — keine Affiliation
- Lisa DeBeer‐Schmitt — Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US)
- Huseyin Ekinci — keine Affiliation
- Davis V. Garrad — keine Affiliation
- Melissa E. Henderson — Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US)
- M. G. Huber — National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
- Priyanka Vadnere — University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Kirill Zhernenkov — Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (DE)
- D. A. Pushin — keine Affiliation
- Topics: Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research; Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics; Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Keywords: Multi-mode optical fiber; Neutron; Angular momentum; Neutron scattering; Realization (probability); Scattering; Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)
- Abstract: The experimental realization of neutron orbital angular momentum (OAM) states and neutron Airy beams has opened new avenues for structured neutron science in both materials characterization and fundamental physics. These additional degrees of freedom in scattering experiments enable the exploration of selection rules for neutrons, the analysis of scattering properties in topological materials, and the generation of auto-focusing neutron beams. In the effort to enhance the amount of spatial and angular-momentum information retrievable from a single measurement, and to overcome current phase-grating efficiency limits, here we demonstrate multimode structured neutron beams that enable simultaneous access to multiple, well-defined OAM modes, and to hybrid combinations of OAM and Airy states. This multimodal approach, analogous to wavelength- or OAM-multiplexing in optics, facilitates the efficient investigation of material scattering properties and nuclear interactions with a neutron source composed of a discretized OAM spectrum.
Terahertz gas-phase spectroscopy of water and methanol isotopologues through difference-frequency generation in an intersubband polaritonic metasurface ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1364/oe.611112
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-31 · Vol. 34, Issue 19, S. 36464 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-31
- DE-Institutionen: Technical University of Munich
- Autoren:
- Nicholas North — keine Affiliation
- Jonas Krakofsky — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Solomon Appekey — keine Affiliation
- Dovilė Čibiraitė — Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (LT)
- Simon Schmid — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- I. Lubianskii — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- A. Lisauskas — Vilnius University (LT); Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (LT)
- D. Stone — University of Leeds (GB)
- Joshua R. Freeman — keine Affiliation
- Mikhail A. Belkin — Technical University of Munich (DE)
- A. Valavanis — keine Affiliation
- Topics: Terahertz technology and applications; Strong Light-Matter Interactions; Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Keywords: Terahertz radiation; Isotopologue; Spectroscopy; Terahertz spectroscopy and technology; Four-wave mixing; Methanol; Refractive index; Time-resolved spectroscopy
- Abstract: We demonstrate room-temperature terahertz-frequency gas spectroscopy through difference-frequency generation in an intersubband polaritonic metasurface. This device has a strong χ (2) nonlinearity and, when driven using a pair of mid-infrared quantum-cascade lasers, provides broad tunability (101.27 GHz ) around a 4.7 THz center frequency. This enables the detection of the rotational–vibrational transitions of multiple gas-phase species simultaneously, including the overlapping spectral signatures of isotopologues of water and methanol vapors. We show that seven isotopologues (H 2 O, HDO, D 2 O, HD 18 O, H 2 18 O, CH 3 OH and CH 3 OD) can be distinguished within the spectral bandwidth. A calibration of the source tuning was achieved against 71 cataloged spectral lines, with a deviation of <80 MHz between the experimental and cataloged values. A minimum detectable absorption coefficient of 6×10 −4 cm −1 was inferred, corresponding to a partial pressure of 100 µTorr (6×10 12 particles ∕ cm 3 ) of trace H 2 18 O in a background measurement.
Single-exposure geometry-constrained volumetric reconstruction of NA = 0.19 EUV focal fields ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1364/oe.609617
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-26 · Vol. 34, Issue 18, S. 34656 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-27
- DE-Institutionen: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- Autoren:
- Chaoneng Wu — keine Affiliation
- Mabel Ruiz-Lopez — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE); Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (ES)
- Barbara Keitel — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- Erez Ribak — Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Niranjan Ramesha — Faculty (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Muralidhar Appana — Faculty (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Guoyang Shu — Primary Source (US); Advanced Light Source
- Ran Li — keine Affiliation
- 吴思忠 — keine Affiliation
- Christian Roedel — Faculty (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Cangtao Zhou — keine Affiliation
- Philippe Zeitoun — Institut Polytechnique de Paris (FR)
- Elke Plönjes — Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE)
- Yinpeng Zhong — Primary Source (US); Advanced Light Source
- Lu LI — keine Affiliation
- Topics: Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques; Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications; Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Keywords: Extreme ultraviolet lithography; Field (mathematics); Refractive index; Ptychography; Laser beams; Image processing
- Abstract: The trend toward increasing numerical aperture (NA) in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) focusing necessitates precise, single-exposure characterization of the three-dimensional focal field. However, conventional Hartmann wavefront sensing is fundamentally challenged in the high-NA regime, where minor calibration errors couple into steep reference wavefronts, generating substantial fictitious phase artifacts. Here, we present a geometry-constrained reconstruction framework that robustly synthesizes the complete 3D focal volume of an NA = 0.19 Schwarzschild objective. Rather than relying on calibration-error-sensitive phase integration, we exploit the geometric signatures of the primary two-bounce beam and a parasitic four-bounce ghost beam specific to Schwarzschild-type concentric cavities. Resolving these geometrically defined constraints within an exact 3D non-linear ray-tracing framework allows for the deterministic extraction of the macroscopic optical alignment state, establishing a pathway for online objective adjustment. Coupling this resolved geometry with the measured intensity distribution accurately maps the principal fluence envelope. Propagating this stabilized field via a vectorial Debye integration generates a precise volumetric dose mapping. Sub-micron spatial registration of this reconstructed dose map with experimental ablation imprints robustly validates the model’s physical fidelity in predicting morphological damage thresholds. This approach broadens the usable scene for the Hartmann wavefront sensor into calibration-hostile, NA = 0.19 Schwarzschild objective systems, enabling single-exposure access to fluence-dependent damage evolution.
Optics Letters (OL) — 1 neu
Spatio-temporal coherent molding and retrieval of pulsed signals in optical waveguides ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1364/ol.606366
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-24 · Vol. 51, Issue 18, S. 5229 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-25
- DE-Institutionen: University of Duisburg-Essen; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Autoren:
- Nika Durishvili — Free University of Tbilisi (GE)
- Рамаз Хомерики — Tbilisi State University (GE)
- Vakhtang Jandieri — Nagoya Institute of Technology (JP); University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
- Douglas Werner — Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Daniel Erni — University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
- Jamal Berakdar — Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (DE)
- Topics: Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics; Photonic and Optical Devices; Laser Material Processing Techniques
- Keywords: Refractive index; Pulse compression; Laser beams; Holography; Optical fiber; Signal processing; Pulse shaping; Integrated optics
- Abstract: Optical waveguides are key elements for high-fidelity, long-distance optical communications. Coupled waveguide arrays allow for higher information density, steering the propagation direction, and encoding information. However, due to the mixing of relative phases for short pulses containing multiple waveguide-mode frequencies, a process for retrieving an encoded input state once these signals undergo coherent propagation remains elusive. A concept is presented to extract with high fidelity the phase-encrypted input signal from spatio-temporally propagated states. As a realization, an array of coupled waveguides is suggested, with the retrieval mechanism being realized by local phase shifts that comply with the identified retrieval concept. Three-dimensional full-wave electromagnetic simulations for broadband optical signals in coupled dielectric waveguides confirm the validity of the scheme and the high fidelity of information retrieval, pointing to potential applications, for instance, in ultrafast coherent coding and decoding of information imprinted on pulse sequences.
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters (PTL) — 2 neu
Model Validation of DSCM Transceivers From B2B Characterization for Disaggregated Optical Networks ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1109/lpt.2026.3727886
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-26 · Vol. 38, Issue 22, S. 1845-1848 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-27
- DE-Institutionen: ADVA Optical Networking (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Riccardo Schips — Politecnico di Torino (IT)
- Stefano Straullu — LINKS Foundation (IT)
- Renato Ambrosone — Politecnico di Torino (IT)
- Francesco Aquilino — LINKS Foundation (IT)
- A. Nespola — LINKS Foundation (IT)
- Antonio Napoli — ADVA Optical Networking (Germany) (DE)
- Vittorio Curri — Politecnico di Torino (IT)
- Topics: Optical Network Technologies; Advanced Optical Network Technologies; Photonic and Optical Devices
- Keywords: Transceiver; Model validation; Optical performance monitoring; Characterization (materials science); Optical communication; Reliability (semiconductor); Optical cross-connect
Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Turbulence on a Time-Bin and Phase QKD System ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1109/lpt.2026.3727537
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-25 · Vol. 38, Issue 22, S. 1821-1824 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-26
- DE-Institutionen: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- Autoren:
- Carlos Guerra-Yánez — Czech Technical University in Prague (CZ)
- J. Weiss — Czech Technical University in Prague (CZ)
- Vasilis K. Papanikolaou — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Stanislav Zvánovec — Czech Technical University in Prague (CZ)
- Topics: Combustion and flame dynamics; Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics; Aerodynamics and Acoustics in Jet Flows
- Keywords: Phase (matter); Phase modulation; Quantum key distribution; Phase noise; Turbulence; Optical communication
Sensors (SENSORS) — 12 neu
StrongerSORT: Improving DeepSORT for Stronger Human Tracking ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26185878
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-17 · Vol. 26, Issue 18, S. 5878 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-17
- DE-Institutionen: Institute for Advanced Study
- Autoren:
- Yinuo Wang — University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN); Institute for Advanced Study (DE)
- Xinlu Zhong — Dongfang Electric Corporation (China) (CN)
- Jiayi Guan — University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Da Lv — University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Jintao Sheng — University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Yunhua Tan — Dongfang Electric Corporation (China) (CN)
- Yali Zheng — University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Topics: Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods; Advanced Technologies in Various Fields; Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Keywords: Tracking (education); Video tracking; Construct (python library); Data association; Object detection; Tracking system; Imaging phantom; Robustness (evolution)
- Abstract: Human tracking plays a crucial role in video surveillance systems. However, tracking humans in surveillance videos remains challenging because targets are often captured at long distances, occupy only a small number of pixels, and exhibit substantial scale variations. These challenges require not only accurate detection of small, low-texture targets but also fast and robust data association for multi-object tracking. We propose an enhanced human-tracking method that integrates improved object detection with complementary appearance and motion cues. Specifically, we improve YOLOv12 by incorporating large-kernel deformable attention, dynamic convolution, and phantom convolution. These components enhance the detector’s ability to perceive small-target features under complex backgrounds and occlusion while reducing its computational cost. The OSNet appearance embeddings incorporated into the EMA update framework construct a robust trajectory-level temporal appearance representation, which improves the discrimination between different individuals in the tracking stage. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves more accurate identity association and more stable target trajectories than state-of-the-art tracking methods, including StrongSORT and ByteTrack.
Loose Particle Material Identification for Sealed Electronic Devices Using Pulse Endpoint Detection and CEEMDAN Feature Optimization ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26185875
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-16 · Vol. 26, Issue 18, S. 5875 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-17
- DE-Institutionen: Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits
- Autoren:
- Zhichao Ren — Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits (DE)
- Kunfeng Wang — Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN); State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology (CN); Aerospace Information Research Institute (CN)
- Yongjian Lu — Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits (DE)
- Shu Song — Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits (DE)
- Xudong Zou — Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN); State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology (CN); Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits (DE); Aerospace Information Research Institute (CN)
- Topics: Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation; Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials; Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies
- Keywords: Noise (video); Thresholding; Feature (linguistics); Flicker noise; Hilbert–Huang transform; SIGNAL (programming language); Pattern recognition (psychology); Background noise
- Abstract: Loose particles inside aerospace-sealed electronics cause circuit short circuits and contact faults. Particle Impact Noise Detection (PIND) relies on piezoelectric acoustic emission (AE) sensors to capture collision pulses, yet raw sensor signals are heavily contaminated by background noise, leading to severe time–frequency feature aliasing and low particle material recognition accuracy. This work proposes a sensing signal optimization method combining pulse endpoint detection and Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) decomposition for PIND acoustic-sensing systems. First, a frequency-domain variance dual-threshold algorithm extracts valid collision pulses from noisy sensor output and eliminates invalid noise segments. Second, CEEMDAN reconstruction with kurtosis-based IMF screening suppresses high-frequency impulsive noise and low-frequency trend components, and seven-dimensional time–frequency-fused features are extracted for classification. A two-hidden-layer back-propagation (BP) neural network identifies four typical contaminants: copper particles, solder particles, rubber particles, and epoxy particles. Comparative tests against EMD, EEMD, and wavelet thresholding show that the proposed CEEMDAN-based method raises overall classification accuracy from 71.8% (no denoising) to 85.1%. This approach improves the discrimination performance of PIND acoustic-sensing platforms and supports aerospace-packaging defect tracing.
A Multi-Sensor Experimental Framework for Assessing Occupant and Vehicle Dynamics in Crash Test Scenarios ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26185828
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-14 · Vol. 26, Issue 18, S. 5828 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-15
- DE-Institutionen: Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr (Germany)
- Autoren:
- Oana-Victoria Stanciuc-Otat — Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr (Germany) (DE); University of Craiova (RO)
- Burkhard Scholz — Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr (Germany) (DE)
- I Dumitru — University of Craiova (RO)
- Cosmin Berceanu — University of Craiova (RO)
- Topics: Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics; Cellular and Composite Structures; Transportation Safety and Impact Analysis
- Keywords: Hybrid III; Crash; Crash test; Collision; Airbag; Percentile; Vehicle dynamics
- Abstract: The proposed synchronized multi-sensor framework provides an experimental approach for integrated crash assessment by combining vehicle structural response, restraint-system loading, and occupant biomechanical measurements within a common temporal reference. The experimental campaign comprised two full-scale crash events involving three vehicles and six Hybrid III 50th percentile male ATD exposures: a front-to-rear vehicle collision with standard occupant positioning and a full-frontal rigid-barrier impact with forward-leaning out-of-position (OOP) occupants. Triaxial thoracic accelerations, seat belt forces, and B-pillar accelerations were recorded simultaneously using synchronized data acquisition systems. The frontal OOP configuration produced the highest longitudinal (X-axis) thoracic acceleration, approximately 62 g, and the highest measured local belt-segment force, 9.80 kN, whereas the rear-impacted vehicle exhibited the highest local B-pillar acceleration. These configuration-specific observations demonstrate the capability of the proposed framework to characterize structural, restraint-system, and occupant responses simultaneously across different full-scale crash configurations.
Damage Localization on a Complex Composite Structure Based on NRMSD and Normal Distribution Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26185804
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-13 · Vol. 26, Issue 18, S. 5804 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-15
- DE-Institutionen: Saarland University; Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems; Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing
- Autoren:
- Houssam El Moutaouakil — Saarland University (DE)
- Enes Savli — Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (DE)
- Daniel Lozano — Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing (DE)
- Andreas Schütze — Saarland University (DE)
- Topics: Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation; Structural Health Monitoring Techniques; Mechanical Behavior of Composites
- Keywords: Robustness (evolution); Structural health monitoring; Ultrasonic sensor; Root mean square; Guided wave testing; Composite number; Nondestructive testing; Lamb waves
- Abstract: Continuous structural health monitoring is essential for ensuring the safe operation of critical engineering systems. Ultrasonic guided waves are widely used for damage detection and localization due to their ability to cover large areas with high sensitivity to structural changes. This work evaluates the robustness of a previously proposed guided-wave localization approach by applying it to the complex geometry of carbon fiber composite plates with integrated omega stringers. The measurement data used in this study were provided within the framework of the Open Guided Waves project. We employ an interpretable machine-learning framework based on the normalized root mean square deviation to extract damage-sensitive features. Damage localization is further improved by modeling the spatial damage probability using a normal distribution, which enhances spatial coverage of the structure. The influence of 13 damages with progressively increasing size on classification and localization performance is systematically analyzed. The proposed method achieves an average classification accuracy of 95% and a mean localization error of 5 mm, demonstrating its suitability for damage characterization in complex composite structures.
Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection for IoT Microcontrollers Using Power Side-Channel Fingerprinting ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26185769
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-11 · Vol. 26, Issue 18, S. 5769 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-12
- DE-Institutionen: Universität Ulm; Technische Hochschule Ulm
- Autoren:
- Samar Mohamed Hussein Shukry — German University in Cairo (EG)
- Frank Kargl — Universität Ulm (DE); Technische Hochschule Ulm (DE)
- Tallal El-Shabrawy — German University in Cairo (EG)
- Amr T. Abdel-Hamid — German University in Cairo (EG)
- Topics: Cryptographic Implementations and Security; Advanced Malware Detection Techniques; Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting
- Keywords: Firmware; Softmax function; Intrusion detection system; Protocol (science); Feature (linguistics); Artificial neural network; Node (physics); Pattern recognition (psychology)
- Abstract: This study introduces a unified evaluation framework for device-level intrusion detection using power side-channel fingerprints under an open-set threat model. We target post-enrollment device substitution: an adversary replaces a legitimate Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) node with a counterfeit of the same model and firmware after enrollment, during deployment or maintenance, making the substitution invisible to credential-based authentication. To address this scenario, we evaluate seven ESP32-WROOM-32 and seven Arduino Uno R3 devices across four sessions spanning 45 days. Each platform group is drawn from a single manufacturing batch so that measured differences reflect within-batch variation; results are correspondingly established at this scale and for this sourcing. Unlike most prior studies that evaluate fingerprinting under isolated assumptions, this study treats intrusion detection as a system-level problem that requires the joint consideration of temporal stability, open-set recognition, and feature representation. We conduct a two-tier evaluation. Tier 1 characterizes device uniqueness and temporal stability using handcrafted statistical features and neural embeddings trained via triplet + Additive-Margin Softmax (AM-Softmax) loss, analyzed via separation ratios, d′ scores, F1-scores, and statistical power. Tier 2 applies embeddings to an open-set intrusion-detection protocol using percentile-based thresholding. This analysis reveals that temporal viability is strongly influenced by feature representation under the evaluated conditions. Over 45 days, under an identical Leave-One-Run-Out protocol and scoring rule, neural embeddings achieve a 93.9% true positive rate at a 9.9% false acceptance rate, whereas the same rule applied to handcrafted statistical features yields 66.4% and 35.8%. When each device identity is withheld from training altogether, embeddings hold a 26.0% false acceptance rate against 39.0% for statistical features. Platform comparison shows that ESP32 achieves a 1.80× higher separation ratio than Arduino (3.06 vs. 1.70), with architecture-dependent discriminability. Statistical power analysis yields 89.1% power at d=0.774. These results identify representation-level robustness as a key requirement for practical power-based intrusion detection, while longer-term validation remains an important direction for future work.
Interferometric-Based Vital-Sign Signature Identification with ML Validation for Privacy-Preserving Human Detection ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26185724
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-09 · Vol. 26, Issue 18, S. 5724 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-10
- DE-Institutionen: Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
- Autoren:
- Soumalya Bose — Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg (DE)
- Jochen Bauer — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Tobias Steigleder — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE); Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (DE)
- Stefan G. Grießhammer — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE); Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (DE)
- Julia Yip — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE); Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (DE)
- Christoph Ostgathe — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE); Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (DE)
- Jörg Franke — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Georg Fischer — Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Topics: Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring; Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques; Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis
- Keywords: Radar; Signature (topology); Superposition principle; Interferometry; Continuous-wave radar; Doppler radar; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Radar engineering details
- Abstract: Human presence detection is critical when building smart cities with use cases in sectors like smart homes, emergency evacuation, health-care monitoring and others. Existing human detection systems predominantly rely on camera-based imaging, raising privacy concerns. Moreover, conventional FMCW radar approaches are primarily motion-based, thus often failing to detect the presence of unconscious individuals, as in the case of search and rescue (SAR) operations. Some radar approaches use Doppler or spectral peak analysis to estimate respiration but fail to exploit phase coherence to resolve sub-millimeter chest displacement and higher-order physiological harmonics. This paper presents an interferometric radar framework that models multi-feature vital-sign signatures for human detection under controlled clinical settings using respiratory harmonic relationships, inter-harmonic consistency, chest-displacement spectral characteristics, and radar-derived cardiac mechanical signatures. Physiological relationships are used to establish the expected structure of the extracted features, while subject-to-subject variability and measurement uncertainty are used to determine practical acceptance regions from the training cohort. Experimental data from 30 healthy subjects were analyzed using a single interferometric radar sensor under controlled clinical conditions. The resulting signatures were subsequently evaluated using a machine-learning validation pipeline. With 243 test cases, the proposed framework achieved 89.71% accuracy, 95.26% precision, 94.15% F1-score, and 93.06% sensitivity. The study demonstrates that interferometric chest-displacement sensing can provide a privacy-preserving physiological feature space for human presence detection, while also identifying the limitations associated with unresolved multi-person signal superposition and hardware-induced phase uncertainty. Moreover, interferometric sensing by principle will work better than conventional radar approaches for SAR operations. Although validated in a controlled clinical environment, the framework establishes a foundational pathway towards future research for eventual deployment in next-generation smart systems.
Multi-Sensor Geometric Documentation of Cultural Heritage at Risk Across Inland, Coastal and Shallow-Water Environments ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26185698
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-08 · Vol. 26, Issue 18, S. 5698 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-09
- DE-Institutionen: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR); Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Zentrale
- Autoren:
- Styliani Verykokou — National Technical University of Athens (GR)
- Charalabos Ioannidis — National Technical University of Athens (GR)
- Chryssy Potsiou — National Technical University of Athens (GR)
- Sofia Soile — National Technical University of Athens (GR)
- Konstantinos Tokmakidis — Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
- Kimon Papadimitriou — Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
- Panagiotis Tokmakidis — Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
- Alexandros Tourtas — Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
- Salvatore Martino — Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Guglielmo Grechi — Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Kyriacos Themistocleous — ERATOSTHENES Centre of Excellence (CY)
- Sławomir Królewicz — Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (PL)
- Włodzimierz Rączkowski — Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (PL)
- Jannis Holzer — Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (Switzerland) (CH)
- E. Bosch — Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (Switzerland) (CH)
- … und 8 weitere
- Topics: Maritime and Coastal Archaeology; 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage; Archaeological Research and Protection
- Keywords: Documentation; Cultural heritage; Photogrammetry; Lidar; Bathymetry; Point cloud; Underwater; Excavation
- Abstract: Climate-related and environmental hazards affect cultural heritage sites in markedly different inland, coastal, lacustrine and underwater settings, creating documentation requirements that cannot be addressed by a single sensing approach. This study presents the multi-sensor geometric documentation of eight cultural heritage sites. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry was applied to six inland and coastal sites, while underwater photogrammetry, unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), acoustic sounding and a prototype green-wavelength flash LiDAR were used at three shallow-water sites. The campaigns produced orthomosaics, elevation models, dense point clouds, textured meshes, bathymetric maps and underwater LiDAR point clouds at scales appropriate to the conservation problem of each site. The resulting products document exposed architectural remains, excavation areas, cliffs and unstable slopes, lake-margin changes, submerged masonry, wooden structures and lakebed morphology. Their main contribution is the establishment of spatially explicit, site-specific baselines that provide measurable geometric and visual evidence for condition assessment, future repeat-survey comparisons and the spatial integration of environmental, archaeological and conservation information. The study demonstrates the operational and information complementarity of optical, acoustic and active ranging approaches, which address different documentation scales, environmental constraints and heritage targets, and provide distinct spatial evidence that can serve as potential inputs to subsequent digital twin and decision support applications.
Detection of Structural Changes Prior to the Burst of a Hydrogen Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26175589
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-03 · Vol. 26, Issue 17, S. 5589 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-04
- DE-Institutionen: Saarland University; Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing; Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems
- Autoren:
- Houssam El Moutaouakil — Saarland University (DE)
- Jan Heimann — Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing (DE)
- Daniel Lozano — Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing (DE)
- Enes Savli — Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (DE)
- Jens Prager — Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing (DE)
- Andreas Schütze — Saarland University (DE)
- Topics: Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation; Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals; Mechanical Behavior of Composites
- Keywords: Composite number; Pressure vessel; Structural integrity; Ultrasonic sensor; Structural health monitoring; Guided wave testing; Wavelet; Pressure measurement
- Abstract: Composite overwrapped pressure vessels are increasingly used for hydrogen storage because of their lightweight construction. Ensuring their structural integrity therefore becomes an important requirement for safe operation. Ultrasonic guided waves are well suited for this task because they are highly sensitive to structural changes in thin-walled pressure vessels. In this work, we developed a machine learning framework based on interpretable Best Daubechies Wavelet features and k-Nearest Neighbors novelty detection. The framework identifies a persistent transition in the UGW response during overpressurization that is indicative of a permanent structural change and occurs prior to burst failure. It was validated using measurements acquired from a real-world pressure vessel. For the a priori selected sensor pair 11-12, located in the highly stressed cylindrical section, the method achieved a balanced accuracy of 98.28% and a true negative rate of 100%. In addition, the proposed methodology identified the pressure level at which the persistent structural transition first became detectable and showed that this transition remained detectable after the vessel had returned to its normal operating pressure.
Understanding Human Motion from Depth Sensors: Activity Recognition and Age Group Recognition Using Skeleton Data ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26175453
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · Vol. 26, Issue 17, S. 5453 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-01
- DE-Institutionen: University of Bremen
- Autoren:
- Rinu Elizabeth Paul — University of Bremen (DE)
- Alp Göktug Tanman — University of Bremen (DE)
- Yale Hartmann — University of Bremen (DE)
- Jordan Behrendt — University of Bremen (DE)
- Hui Liu — University of Bremen (DE)
- Tanja Schultz — University of Bremen (DE)
- Topics: Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems; Human Pose and Action Recognition; Gait Recognition and Analysis
- Keywords: Interpretability; Wearable computer; Activity recognition; Human skeleton; RGB color model; Joint (building); Motion capture; Pipeline (software)
- Abstract: Human Activity Recognition (HAR) plays a significant role in various applications, from learning a discipline to physical rehabilitation. In older adults, activity patterns can indicate levels of frailty, which helps inform the design of physical training programs to prevent falls and maintain mobility. HAR sensing ranges from wearable sensors such as IMUs and RGB cameras to video, specialized gait laboratories, perturbation units, VR, and other modalities. This paper presents a comprehensive study of depth-based, skeleton-driven HAR and age group recognition (AGR) using data collected from real-world nursing home environments. Depth sensors offer a privacy-preserving and non-invasive alternative to wearable and RGB-based systems, enabling continuous 24-h monitoring without requiring user compliance. We systematically evaluate multiple modeling paradigms, including classical machine learning models (DT, RF, KNN, SVM, HMM, HMM+SVM), sequence-based models (LSTM, TCN, ARNN), and graph-based approaches, using skeletal joint data extracted from depth images. Experiments are conducted on two heterogeneous datasets: NTU RGB+D (younger adults) and ETAP-DID (older adults). We analyze the impact of different joint subset configurations (full-body, limb-only, leg-only, and torso-only) and compare raw joint representations with handcrafted time-series features (TSFEL) for frame-based HAR. Beyond activity recognition, we introduce an AGR pipeline to distinguish younger from older adults based on skeletal motion patterns. We investigate multiple feature representations, including absolute joint positions, root-relative coordinates, bone vectors, and joint velocities, and provide interpretability through feature importance and saliency analysis to identify age-discriminative joints and motion cues. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of various HAR models applied to depth data, examining model performance and the contribution of joint-based features to HAR and AGR. Our study highlights the potential for personalized privacy-preserved monitoring and intervention in nursing homes.
Development and Validation of an Ammonia-Resistant Thermal-Conductivity Analyzer for In Situ Monitoring of NH3-Cracking-Processes ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26175463
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-28 · Vol. 26, Issue 17, S. 5463 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-01
- DE-Institutionen: OTH Regensburg
- Autoren:
- Lucas Ott — OTH Regensburg (DE)
- Ottfried Schmidt — OTH Regensburg (DE)
- Hans‐Peter Rabl — OTH Regensburg (DE)
- Topics: Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies; Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction; Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes
- Keywords: Calibration; Cracking; Spectrum analyzer; Analyte; Gas analyzer; Fluid catalytic cracking; Mixing (physics); Ammonia
- Abstract: Ammonia is increasingly considered a promising hydrogen carrier due to its high hydrogen density and well-established infrastructure. Monitoring ammonia cracking efficiency requires robust, continuous gas analysis across a wide concentration range, with resistance to corrosive gases. Conventional methods such as gas chromatography or mass spectrometry meet these requirements, but are costly and operationally complex. To address this gap, a Thermal Conductivity Analyzer (TCA) was developed based on an OEM module and validated for continuous in situ monitoring of ammonia cracking. The system includes a pump-driven bypass extraction line and a three-stage calibration procedure: zero-point correction, look-up table generation, and span calibration. Measurement stability was assessed using binary H2/N2 mixtures and a quasi-binary surrogate of the ammonia cracking product gas, mixed via mass flow controllers (MFCs). The analyzer was then applied to characterize a monolithic ammonia cracking catalyst from 200–650 °C. With daily zero-point and span calibration, all measured H2 concentrations fell within the mixing uncertainty of the MFCs across 0–100 vol.%. For the synthetic cracking gas, maximum conversion ratio deviations of +0.317 and −0.224 percentage points were achieved. These results demonstrate that the TCA offers a simple, ammonia-resistant alternative for monitoring NH3 cracking processes, with uncertainties competitive with MFC repeatability.
Material Detection and Sizing of Sub-Resonant Particles by mm-Wave Far-Field Scattering Measurements Using Orthomode Diplexers ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26175406
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-27 · Vol. 26, Issue 17, S. 5406 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-28
- DE-Institutionen: University of Stuttgart; Stuttgart Technical University of Applied Sciences
- Autoren:
- Max Lippoldt — University of Stuttgart (DE); Stuttgart Technical University of Applied Sciences (DE)
- Jan Hesselbarth — University of Stuttgart (DE); Stuttgart Technical University of Applied Sciences (DE)
- Topics: Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques; Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies; Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
- Keywords: Scattering; Sizing; SPHERES; Dielectric; Position (finance); Particle (ecology); Scattering parameters; Particle size
- Abstract: Bi-static measurements of the scattering of sub-resonant, sub-wavelength-sized spheres and water drops at millimeter-wave frequencies are applied for simultaneous material classification and size estimation. Measurements at Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz) and W-band (75-110 GHz) frequencies are presented that reliably detect the correct material and size of the samples under test. In comparison to traditional resonance-based methods, the sub-resonant approach used here advantageously allows us to characterize smaller particles at a given frequency or to reduce the operating frequency for a given particle size. For the dual-polarized scattering measurements, a novel component (a resonant orthomode diplexer) is proposed. A multi-static measurement is used to additionally determine the position of the sample in the scattering plane. This allows for accurate material classification and size estimation even for a displaced particle. Dielectric and metal spheres with a diameter of 0.4-2 mm are investigated as well as water drops with a volume of 0.5-4 µL.
Introduction of a Realistic Body-Mimicking Ultrasound Phantom with Integrated Optical Feedback for the Training of Ultrasound-Guided Thyroid Nodule Punctures ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.3390/s26175332
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-23 · Vol. 26, Issue 17, S. 5332 · OpenAlex seit 2026-08-25
- DE-Institutionen: Jena University Hospital
- Autoren:
- Christian Kühnel — Jena University Hospital (DE)
- Steffen Schrott — Jena University Hospital (DE)
- Martin Freesmeyer — Jena University Hospital (DE)
- Philipp Seifert — Jena University Hospital (DE)
- Topics: Ultrasound in Clinical Applications; Surgical Simulation and Training; Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Keywords: Imaging phantom; Ultrasound; Echogenicity; Haptic technology; Training system; Nodule (geology)
- Abstract: Conventional ultrasound phantoms typically lack anatomical surface geometry and procedural access constraints, limiting the transferability of acquired skills to clinical practice. The objective of the present work was to develop and describe such a platform for ultrasound-guided thyroid nodule puncture training, including its construction and initial ultrasound appearance. We present a modular, body-mimicking ultrasound phantom platform comprising three components: an anatomically shaped epoxy composite chassis cast from a healthy volunteer and covering the cervical and upper thoracic region, interchangeable gelatin-based inserts representing thyroid (including puncture target lesions) and surrounding tissue structures, and an integrated dual-camera optical feedback system for real-time and post-procedural needle trajectory visualization. Two chassis configurations reflecting different chin and shoulder positions allow deliberate modulation of procedural difficulty. Insert composition can be varied to simulate tissues of differing echogenicity and density, including liquid-filled targets. Under appropriate storage and disinfection conditions, inserts remained usable for up to four weeks in qualitative observation. The optical feedback system supports self-directed learning and structured debriefing. In combination with magnet-based ultrasound needle guidance technology, the platform is intended to support a longitudinal, competency-based training concept with quantifiable performance metrics, enabling systematic documentation of individual learning curves. The presented system is designed to more closely replicate the anatomical and procedural complexity of clinical ultrasound-guided interventions than conventional phantoms and represents a flexible simulation platform for interventional ultrasound education.
Solid-State Electronics (SSE) — 1 neu
High frequency characterization and modelling of RRAM devices integrated in CMOS process ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1016/j.sse.2026.109408
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-08-31 · Vol. 238, S. 109408 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-01
- DE-Institutionen: Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics; Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Technische Universität Berlin
- Autoren:
- Max Uhlmann — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Seyyid Dilek — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Mesut İnaç — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Ramarajan Thileeban — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Emilio Pérez-Bosch Quesada — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Eduardo Pérez — Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg (DE); Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- F. Korndörfer — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- P. Ostrovskyy — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Corrado Carta — Technische Universität Berlin (DE); Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Gerhard Kahmen — Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg (DE); Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Christian Wenger — Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg (DE); Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Andrea Malignaggi — Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (DE)
- Topics: Advanced Memory and Neural Computing; Magnetic properties of thin films; Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices
- Keywords: Resistive random-access memory; CMOS; Resistive touchscreen; Process (computing); Characterization (materials science); Integrated circuit; Focus (optics); Random access
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques (T-MTT) — 1 neu
Guest Editorial Special Issue on the 2026 IEEE MTT-S ARFTG/RWW ⚑ DE
- DOI: 10.1109/tmtt.2026.3725420
- Metadaten: Erschienen: 2026-09-01 · Vol. 74, Issue 9, S. 7661-7662 · OpenAlex seit 2026-09-12
- DE-Institutionen: Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg
- Autoren:
- Markus Gardill — Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg (DE)
- Keywords: Frequency conversion; Radio frequency